Nokea
Which signs/symptoms indicate to the nurse the client is in the recovery period of ARF? Select all that apply.
- A. Increased alertness and no seizure activity.
- B. Increase in hemoglobin and hematocrit.
- C. Denial of nausea and vomiting.
- D. Decreased urine-specific gravity.
- E. Increased serum creatinine level.
Correct Answer: A,C,D
Rationale: In the recovery phase, renal function improves, leading to increased alertness (reduced uremia), resolution of nausea/vomiting, and decreased urine-specific gravity as kidneys concentrate urine. Increased hemoglobin/hematocrit is not typical, and elevated creatinine indicates worsening, not recovery.
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The nurse is teaching the female client diagnosed with tuberculosis of the urinary tract prior to discharge. Which information should the nurse include specific to this diagnosis?
- A. Instruct the client to take the medication with food.
- B. Explain condoms should be used during treatment.
- C. Discuss the need for follow-up chest x-rays.
- D. Encourage a well-balanced diet and fluid intake.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Urinary TB can spread to sexual partners, so condoms are recommended during treatment. Medication timing, chest x-rays (for pulmonary TB), and diet/fluids are general or less specific.
When teaching a client with cystitis about urinary tract irritants, the nurse correctly identifies which of the following substances as potential irritants to avoid? Select all that apply.
- A. Alcohol
- B. Milk
- C. Tea
- D. Chocolate
- E. Coffee
- F. Pears
Correct Answer: A,C,E
Rationale: Alcohol, tea, and coffee are bladder irritants that can exacerbate cystitis symptoms, while milk and pears are generally neutral.
The client diagnosed with chronic renal failure (CRF) is prescribed a 60-gm protein, 2,000-mg sodium diet. Which food choices indicate the client understands the dietary restrictions?
- A. A 4-ounce grilled chicken breast, broccoli, and small glass of unsweet tea.
- B. A baked potato with chopped ham and sour cream, 12-ounce steak, and beer.
- C. A double patty cheeseburger, french fries, and saccharin sweet Kool Aid.
- D. A roast beef sandwich, potato chips, and soft drink.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A 4-oz chicken breast (≈28 g protein), broccoli, and tea are low-sodium and fit the 60-g protein, 2,000-mg sodium diet. Other options exceed protein/sodium limits with high-sodium foods (ham, cheeseburger, chips).
In evaluating multiple clients with UTIs, the clinic nurse should identify which client to be at least risk for developing a UTI?
- A. A client with urethral mucosa damage
- B. A client with an altered mental condition
- C. A client with an altered metabolic state
- D. An immunocompromised client
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: An altered metabolic state, without specific risk factors like diabetes, poses the least risk for UTIs compared to mucosal damage, mental status changes, or immunosuppression.
After the cystoscopy, which urinary symptom can the nurse expect the client to report?
- A. A sense of urgency
- B. No urinary output
- C. A strong urinary odor
- D. A large volume of urine output
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A sense of urgency is common after cystoscopy due to urethral irritation from the procedure.