Nokea
Which situation is consensual sex rather than rape?
- A. A husband forces vaginal sex when he comes home intoxicated from a party. The wife objects.
- B. A woman's lover pleads with her to have oral sex. She gives in but then regrets the decision.
- C. A person is beaten, robbed, and forcibly subjected to anal penetration by an assailant.
- D. A dentist gives anesthesia for a procedure and then has intercourse with the unconscious patient.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because, although the woman initially gave in to her lover's plea for oral sex, she later regretted the decision. Consent must be freely given without coercion or manipulation. In this scenario, the woman's regret indicates that her initial agreement was not genuine consent. Choice A involves force and lack of consent. Choice C depicts a violent and non-consensual act. Choice D involves taking advantage of a vulnerable and unconscious individual, which is also non-consensual.
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Based on a recent paper by Chodavadia et al (refer to Unit 2 reference 5), the rates of symptoms of depression and anxiety amongst youth in Singapore are:
- A. 27%
- B. 7%
- C. 1%
- D. 16%
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Chodavadia et al. (hypothetical reference) likely aligns with regional studies showing high mental health symptom rates; 27% is consistent with Singapore youth mental health surveys (e.g., SMHS).
A 16-year-old female patient who is Chinese American is admitted to the unit with reports of sadness and suicidal ideation. The patient is accompanied by many family members, including her mother and father. The patient and her family emigrated from mainland China five years ago. Regarding the family, the psychiatric-mental health nurse:
- A. encourages the patient to communicate her need for privacy to her family
- B. gently asks the family members to leave the room
- C. privately asks the mother for her assistance in clearing the room
- D. provides care for the patient while the family members are present
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Involving the mother respects cultural family dynamics while facilitating a private assessment, balancing sensitivity and need.
Which of the following is a potential complication of untreated bulimia nervosa?
- A. Severe dehydration and electrolyte imbalances.
- B. Rapid weight gain and fluid retention.
- C. Chronic constipation and digestive issues.
- D. Severe malnutrition and organ failure.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Severe dehydration and electrolyte imbalances. Untreated bulimia nervosa involves recurrent episodes of binge-eating followed by compensatory behaviors like purging. Purging can lead to fluid loss and electrolyte imbalances, causing dehydration. This can result in serious health complications such as cardiac arrhythmias and kidney damage. Rapid weight gain and fluid retention (B) are more associated with binge-eating disorder, not bulimia nervosa. Chronic constipation and digestive issues (C) are more commonly seen in anorexia nervosa. Severe malnutrition and organ failure (D) are potential complications of anorexia nervosa rather than bulimia nervosa.
Which assessment data suggests a person who appears to have dementia instead has depression and pseudodementia?
- A. Demonstrates impaired judgment.
- B. Demonstrates impaired concentration.
- C. Has a history of significant losses or crises.
- D. None of the above.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because impaired concentration is a key indicator of depression and pseudodementia rather than dementia. In depression, individuals may experience difficulties focusing and maintaining attention, leading to impaired concentration. Pseudodementia, which mimics dementia but is caused by depression, also presents with similar cognitive symptoms like impaired concentration. Choices A and C are incorrect because impaired judgment and significant losses or crises can be present in both dementia and depression, making them less specific to differentiating between the two conditions. Choice D is incorrect as choice B clearly distinguishes the cognitive symptomatology between dementia and depression/pseudodementia.
Which statement by a patient with borderline personality disorder best indicates the treatment plan is helping?
- A. I think you are the best nurse on the unit.'
- B. I hate my doctor. He never gives me what I ask for.'
- C. I feel empty and want to cut myself, so I called you.'
- D. I'm never going to get high on drugs again.'
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. This statement indicates progress because the patient is demonstrating insight into their emotions, seeking help, and utilizing a coping strategy by reaching out for support instead of engaging in self-harm. Choice A does not provide information about progress in treatment. Choice B reflects a negative attitude towards the doctor. Choice D does not offer any insight into the patient's emotional state or progress in managing their behaviors.