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Which snack selected by a school-aged child with gastroesophageal reflux indicates to the nurse that the child understands the dietary restrictions?
- A. Sugar cookies.
- B. Pizza.
- C. Tacos.
- D. Chocolate milkshake.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sugar cookies are low-fat and low-sugar, suitable for gastroesophageal reflux, unlike high-fat or acidic options.
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The nurse is giving an intramuscular injection of an antibiotic to a 16-month-old toddler with pneumonia. The toddler does not have any known allergies and has been walking without assistance for one month. Which technique should the nurse select for administration?
- A. Give in the arm, one to 2 inches (2.5 to 5.0 cm) below the acromion process.
- B. Use a needle length of 1/2 inch (1.25 cm) to avoid deep tissue damage.
- C. Administer the injection into the middle of the lateral aspect of the thigh.
- D. Divide the gluteal area into quarters and give IM into the upper outer quadrant.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The lateral thigh is the recommended IM injection site for toddlers, minimizing nerve and vessel damage.
The nurse is teaching the parents about important dietary changes for their child who is newly diagnosed with celiac disease. Which foods should the nurse include in the list of allowed foods for this child?
- A. Rye.
- B. Rice.
- C. Oats.
- D. Barley.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rice is gluten-free and safe for celiac disease, unlike rye, oats, and barley, which contain gluten.
A 6-year-old boy with bronchial asthma takes the beta-adrenergic agonist agent albuterol. The child's mother tells the nurse that she uses this medication to open his son's airway when he is having trouble breathing. What is the nurse's best response?
- A. Advise the mother that overuse of the drug may cause chronic bronchitis.
- B. Assure the mother that she is using the medication correctly.
- C. Confirm that the medication helps to reduce airway inflammation.
- D. Recommend that the mother bring the child in for immediate evaluation.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Using albuterol to relieve acute breathing difficulties is correct, as it relaxes airway muscles.
The nurse is assessing a child with acute glomerulonephritis who presents with increased fatigue, facial puffiness, decreased appetite. The child's urine sample is dark yellow in color. Which additional finding should the nurse report to the healthcare provider?
- A. Positive rapid strep test of oropharynx.
- B. Blood pressure 88/50 mmHg.
- C. Maculopapular rash over trunk of body.
- D. Weight loss.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A positive strep test confirms a recent streptococcal infection, a common cause of acute glomerulonephritis, requiring reporting.
A child receives a prescription for loratadine 5 mg by mouth once day. The bottle is labelled 'Loratadine for Oral Suspension, USP 5 mg per 5 mL.' How many teaspoons should the nurse instruct the parent to administer with each dose?
- A. 1 teaspoon
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: 5 mg of loratadine corresponds to 5 mL (1 teaspoon) of the suspension, as per the concentration provided.