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Which statement best describes postpartum blues?
- A. A rare condition that impacts bonding between mother and baby.
- B. A transient, self-limiting period of sadness after the birth of the baby.
- C. A psychiatric diagnosis similar to dysthymia.
- D. A transient period of sadness that usually moves into postpartum depression.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: This definition of postpartum blues (B) differentiates it from dysthymia and postpartum depression. It occurs in 70 percent of new mothers, making it common, transient, and self-limiting.
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A major difference in assessment findings between a patient with anorexia nervosa and a patient with bulimia nervosa is the patient with bulimia:
- A. is well nourished while the patient with anorexia nervosa is malnourished.
- B. denies hunger while the patient with anorexia nervosa admits experiencing hunger.
- C. is often of near-normal weight while the patient with anorexia nervosa is underweight.
- D. has a distorted body image while the patient with anorexia nervosa has a realistic body image.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because a major difference between anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa is that patients with bulimia are often of near-normal weight, while patients with anorexia are typically underweight. This is due to the different patterns of eating behaviors in the two disorders. In bulimia, individuals often engage in binge-eating episodes followed by compensatory behaviors such as purging, which may help maintain their weight. On the other hand, individuals with anorexia restrict their food intake significantly, leading to malnourishment and significant weight loss.
Choice A is incorrect because individuals with bulimia can still experience malnourishment due to the purging behaviors. Choice B is incorrect because both patients with anorexia and bulimia may deny hunger due to their disordered eating behaviors. Choice D is incorrect because both disorders involve a distorted body image, although the specific nature of the distortion may differ.
A women who is 16 weeks pregnant presents with symptoms suggestive of a urinary tract infection. Which one of the following is correct?
- A. She should be assured that urinary tract infections are common in pregnancy and require no treatment.
- B. A midstream urine should be collected and the bacteriology report awaited.
- C. A midstream urine should be collected and a wide spectrum antibiotic prescribed.
- D. A self-retaining catheter should be introduced to promote free drainage of urine.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In pregnancy, UTIs require prompt treatment due to risks like pyelonephritis. Collecting a midstream urine and starting a broad-spectrum antibiotic (C) is standard, pending culture results. Ignoring treatment (A), waiting without antibiotics (B), or invasive measures (D, E) are inappropriate.
A child, age 9, is being evaluated in the Emergency Department at the hospital. Her mother is with her and describes her as withdrawn and quiet. The nurse practitioner suspects child abuse. Which of these findings indicates that physical abuse may be a chronic problem for the child?
- A. The presence of the mother and her description of the child as withdrawn and quiet.
- B. The child's refusal to speak to the nurse.
- C. The child's physical appearance.
- D. None of the above.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because the mother's description of the child as withdrawn and quiet can indicate chronic physical abuse. This is because a child who is consistently withdrawn and quiet may be exhibiting signs of trauma from ongoing abuse. The mother's presence is also important as it provides insight into the child's home environment.
Explanation for why the other choices are incorrect:
B: The child's refusal to speak to the nurse may indicate shyness or fear, but it does not specifically point to chronic physical abuse.
C: The child's physical appearance alone does not provide enough information to determine if physical abuse is chronic.
In summary, choice A is the correct answer as it directly relates to potential signs of chronic physical abuse, while choices B and C do not provide sufficient evidence to support this conclusion.
What is an appropriate goal for a nurse working with a patient with anorexia nervosa?
- A. The patient will gain weight rapidly to restore nutritional balance.
- B. The patient will express satisfaction with their body image by the end of treatment.
- C. The patient will eat three meals daily and demonstrate healthy eating behaviors.
- D. The patient will be able to resume normal physical activities without fatigue.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because setting a goal for the patient to eat three meals daily and demonstrate healthy eating behaviors is a more realistic and achievable target for someone with anorexia nervosa. This goal focuses on establishing regular eating habits and promoting a healthy relationship with food, which are crucial in the treatment of anorexia nervosa. Choices A and D are incorrect as rapid weight gain and resuming normal physical activities may not be safe or sustainable goals for someone with anorexia nervosa. Choice B is also incorrect because body image satisfaction is a complex issue that may not be directly addressed solely through treatment for anorexia nervosa.
A client tells the nurse, 'I hear people whispering about me. When I'm in the day room and they do that, I want to punch them.' The information the nurse should give to staff in report consists of which of the following?
- A. Treat this client matter-of-factly. Be direct; don't talk about him or others in his presence.'
- B. Stay away from this client. The fewer interactions you have with him, the fewer misinterpretations there will be.'
- C. Stay close to this client and use touch as you interact with him.'
- D. To help him become less anxious with whispering, speak in a very soft voice when you are near him.'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: "Treat this client matter-of-factly. Be direct; don't talk about him or others in his presence." This response is appropriate because it emphasizes the importance of respecting the client's privacy and dignity by not discussing him or others in his presence. By being direct and matter-of-fact, the nurse can establish trust and build a therapeutic relationship with the client. This approach also helps maintain boundaries and avoids escalating the situation.
Choice B is incorrect because avoiding the client may lead to feelings of rejection and worsen his symptoms. Choice C is incorrect because using touch without the client's consent may be inappropriate and could escalate the situation. Choice D is incorrect because speaking softly does not address the underlying issue of the client feeling threatened by whispering.