Nokea
Which statement by a mother may indicate a cause for her 9-month-old's iron deficiency anemia?
- A. Formula is so expensive. We switched to regular milk right away.'
- B. She almost never drinks water.'
- C. She doesn't really like peaches or pears, so we stick to bananas for fruit.'
- D. I give her a piece of bread now and then. She likes to chew on it.'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Because cow's milk contains very little iron, infants should drink iron-fortified formula for the first year of life.
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What is the result of a deficiency of factor IX?
- A. Thalassemia
- B. Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
- C. Hemophilia A
- D. Christmas disease
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Christmas disease, or hemophilia B, is caused by the deficiency of factor IX.
The nurse notes that a 4-year-old child's gums bleed easily and he has bruising and petechiae on his extremities. Which lab value is consistent with these symptoms?
- A. Platelet count of 25,000/mm?³
- B. Hemoglobin level of 8 g/dL
- C. Hematocrit level of 36%
- D. Leukocyte count of 14,000/mm?³
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The normal platelet count is 150,000 to 400,000/mm?³. This finding is very low, indicating an increased bleeding potential.
The nurse explains that the COPP medical regimen for the treatment of Hodgkin's disease uses a combination of which drugs? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Vincristine
- B. Cyclophosphamide
- C. Methotrexate
- D. Prednisone
- E. Procarbazine hydrochloride
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E
Rationale: The COPP regimen includes cyclophosphamide, vincristine, prednisone, and procarbazine hydrochloride for treating Hodgkin's disease.
The nurse is caring for a child with a low platelet count. What skin assessments would alert the nurse to bleeding? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Petechiae
- B. Purpura
- C. Ecchymosis
- D. Hematoma
- E. Lymphadenopathy
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D
Rationale: The reduction or destruction of platelets in the body interferes with the clotting mechanism, leading to skin lesions such as petechiae, purpura, ecchymosis, and hematoma.
What would the nurse include in a teaching plan about mouth care of a child receiving chemotherapy?
- A. Use commercial mouthwash.
- B. Clean teeth with a soft toothbrush.
- C. Avoid use of a Water-Pik.
- D. Inspect the mouth weekly for ulcerations.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A soft toothbrush reduces capillary damage and mucous membrane breakdown and prevents bleeding and infection.