Nokea
Which statement by the mother of a child with rheumatic fever (RF) indicates that she has an understanding of prevention for her other children?
- A. “Whenever one of them gets a sore throat, I will give that child an antibiotic.â€
- B. “There is no treatment since it is viral and must run its course.â€
- C. “If their culture is positive for group A streptococcus, I will give them a full course of their antibiotic.â€
- D. “If their culture is positive for staphylococcus A, I will give them a full course of their antibiotic.â€
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A positive culture for group A streptococcus indicates a bacterial infection that requires a full course of antibiotics to prevent rheumatic fever, which can develop as a complication of untreated strep throat.
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Common diseases presenting as a rash in infancy are:
- A. Measles
- B. Parvovirus B 19 infection
- C. Leukaemia
- D. Lymphoma
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Measles
Diamond Blackfan anemia is different from Transient Erythroblastopenia of Childhood as the former has
- A. Increased adenosine deaminase
- B. Mean corpuscular volume is decreased
- C. Female predominance
- D. Antecedent history of viral illness
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Diamond Blackfan anemia is characterized by increased adenosine deaminase activity, unlike Transient Erythroblastopenia of Childhood.
A father asks why his child with tetralogy of Fallot seems to favor a squatting position. What is the nurse's best response?
- A. Squatting increases the return of venous blood back to the heart.
- B. Squatting decreases arterial blood flow away from the heart.
- C. Squatting is a common resting position when a child is tachycardic.
- D. Squatting increases the workload of the heart.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The squatting position allows the child to breathe more easily because systemic venous return is increased.
Injury to radial nerve involves:
- A. Abductor pollicis brevis is affected
- B. Abduction at the shoulder joint is impaired
- C. Sensory loss on the medial aspect of forearm is seen
- D. First dorsal interosseus is affected
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Abduction at the shoulder joint is impaired
In normal neonates:
- A. Extracellular fluid volume exceeds intracellular fluid volume
- B. In a term baby, plasma calcium levels exceed that of the mother
- C. Clamping the umbilical cord after cessation of cord pulsations increases the blood volume by 20% in the baby
- D. There are two arteries and one vein in the umbilical cord
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In neonates, extracellular fluid volume is greater than intracellular fluid volume, reflecting the transition from intrauterine to extrauterine life.