Nokea
Which statement by the mother of a child with rheumatic fever (RF) shows she has a good understanding of the care of her child?
- A. I will apply heat to his swollen joints to promote circulation.
- B. I will have him do gentle stretching exercises to prevent contractures.
- C. I will give him the aspirin that is ordered for pain and inflammation.
- D. I will apply cold packs to his swollen joints to reduce pain.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Aspirin is the drug of choice for treating RF due to its anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties.
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List FIVE criteria for the diagnosis of incomplete Kawasaki Disease.
- A. Fever for ≥7 days
- B. Five days of fever with 2 or 3 compatible clinical criteria
- C. CRP ≥3.0mg/dL and/or ESR ≥40mm/h
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The diagnosis of incomplete Kawasaki Disease requires a combination of clinical, laboratory, and echocardiographic findings.
On assessment of a child admitted with a diagnosis of Kawasaki Disease, the nurse expects to note which clinical manifestation of the acute phase of the disease?
- A. Cracked lips
- B. Normal appearance
- C. Conjuntival hyperemia
- D. Desquamation of the skin
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Conjunctival hyperemia is a common clinical manifestation during the acute phase of Kawasaki Disease, characterized by redness of the eyes without discharge.
Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding shock?
- A. In cardiogenic shock systemic vascular resistance is high
- B. In hypovolemic shock pulmonary capillary wedge pressure is reduced
- C. In distributive shock central venous pressure is increased
- D. In hypovolemic shock mean arterial pressure is normal
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In hypovolemic shock
Complement system:
- A. Is activated by bacterial endotoxins by the classical pathway
- B. Reduced C3 and C4 are usual findings in acute glomerulonephritis
- C. Hereditary angioneurotic oedema is caused by deficiency of one of the components of the classical pathway of the system
- D. Is part of humoral immunity
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The complement system is a key component of humoral immunity, playing a role in the immune response to pathogens.
Of the following, the cardiac lesion resulting in increased volume load is
- A. valvular pulmonic stenosis
- B. patent ductus arteriosus
- C. valvular aortic stenosis
- D. mitral stenosis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Patent ductus arteriosus leads to increased volume load on the left side of the heart.