ATI Nursing Proctored Pediatric Test Banks

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Which statement, from a participant attending the class on AIDS prevention, indicates an understanding on how to reduce transmission of HIV?

  • A. Mother's who are HIV positive should still be encouraged to breastfeed their babies because beast milk is superior to cow's milk
  • B. I think a needle exchange program, where clean needles are exchanged for dirty needles, should be offered in every city
  • C. Females taking birth control pills are protected from getting HIV
  • D. It's okay to use natural skin condoms since they offer the same protection as the latex condoms
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because implementing a needle exchange program is an effective way to reduce transmission of HIV among intravenous drug users. By providing clean needles in exchange for dirty needles, the risk of sharing contaminated needles and spreading the virus is significantly reduced. This approach also helps prevent the transmission of other bloodborne diseases, such as Hepatitis C. The other statements do not demonstrate an understanding of how to reduce HIV transmission - for example, encouraging breastfeeding for HIV-positive mothers can transmit the virus to the baby, birth control pills do not protect against HIV, and natural skin condoms do not offer the same level of protection as latex condoms.

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The MOST appropriate age of a child who helps to undress; puts 3 words together (subject, verb, object); and handles spoon well is

  • A. 15 months
  • B. 18 months
  • C. 24 months
  • D. 30 months
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: These milestones are typically achieved around 24 months.

Which is true of a Wilms tumor? (Select all that apply.)

  • A. It is also referred to as neuroblastoma.
  • B. It is most commonly seen between the ages of 2 and 5 years.
  • C. It can occur on its own or be associated with congenital anomalies.
  • D. It is a slow-growing tumor.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Wilms tumor typically occurs in children aged 2-5 years and may be associated with congenital anomalies. It is not the same as neuroblastoma, and its prognosis is generally good with treatment.

Hemodynamic monitoring by means of a multilumen pulmonary artery catheter can provide detailed information about:

  • A. Preload
  • B. Afterload
  • C. Cardiac output
  • D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: A multilumen pulmonary artery catheter, also known as a Swan-Ganz catheter, is used for advanced hemodynamic monitoring. It is inserted through a central line and positioned in the pulmonary artery to provide detailed information about various hemodynamic parameters including preload, afterload, and cardiac output.

A 15-month-old toddler was able to do all the following EXCEPT

  • A. walks alone
  • B. makes tower of 3 cubes
  • C. inserts raisin in a bottle
  • D. responds to his/her name
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Responding to name usually occurs earlier, around 6-9 months.

The nurse is caring for a newborn receiving an exchange transfusion for hemolytic disease. Assessment of the newborn reveals slight respiratory distress and tachycardia. Which should the nurse's first action be?

  • A. Notify practitioner.
  • B. Stop the transfusion.
  • C. Administer calcium gluconate.
  • D. Monitor vital signs electronically.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Slight respiratory distress and tachycardia in a newborn during an exchange transfusion may indicate a possible transfusion reaction or overload. The first action the nurse should take is to stop the transfusion to prevent any further complications and assess the newborn's condition. After stopping the transfusion, the nurse can then take appropriate steps such as notifying the practitioner, administering medications, or providing supportive care as needed.

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