Nokea
Which statement indicates the client diagnosed with asthma needs more teaching concerning the medication regimen?
- A. I will take Singulair, a leukotriene, every day to prevent allergic asthma attacks.
- B. I need to use my Intal, cromolyn inhaler, 15 minutes before I begin my exercise.
- C. I need to take oral glucocorticoids every day to prevent my asthma attacks.
- D. If I have an asthma attack, I need to use my albuterol, a beta2 agonist, inhaler.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Daily oral glucocorticoids (C) are not typically used for asthma maintenance due to significant side effects; they are reserved for severe exacerbations or specific cases. Inhaled corticosteroids or leukotriene modifiers (like Singulair, A) are preferred for long-term control. Using cromolyn before exercise (B) is correct to prevent exercise-induced bronchospasm. Albuterol for acute attacks (D) is appropriate as a rescue inhaler.
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Where did the client's embolism most likely originate?
- A. The deep veins of the legs
- B. The pulmonary artery
- C. The superior vena cava
- D. The carotid artery
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pulmonary emboli most commonly originate from deep vein thrombosis in the legs, where clots dislodge and travel to the lungs.
Which assessment finding provides the best indication that the nurse needs to suction the client with a tracheostomy?
- A. Respirations are low.
- B. Pulse rate is slow.
- C. Breath sounds are wet.
- D. Blood pressure is elevated.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Wet breath sounds indicate mucus accumulation in the tracheostomy, necessitating suctioning to clear the airway.
The nurse is feeding a client diagnosed with aspiration pneumonia who becomes dyspneic, begins to cough, and is turning blue. Which nursing intervention should the nurse implement first?
- A. Suction the client's nares.
- B. Turn the client to the side.
- C. Place the client in Trendelenburg position.
- D. Notify the health-care provider.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Dyspnea, coughing, and cyanosis suggest aspiration; turning to the side (B) clears the airway, preventing further aspiration. Suctioning (A), Trendelenburg (C), and notification (D) follow.
The clinic nurse is interviewing clients. Which information provided by a client warrants further investigation?
- A. The client uses Vicks VapoRub every night before bed.
- B. The client has had an appendectomy.
- C. The client takes a multiple vitamin pill every day.
- D. The client has been coughing up blood in the mornings.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hemoptysis (D) suggests serious conditions (e.g., lung cancer, TB), requiring investigation. VapoRub (A), appendectomy (B), and vitamins (C) are benign.
A patient is admitted with rupture of the Achilles tendon. The patient was recently treated with antibiotics for pneumonia. Which of the following medications below can cause this adverse effect?
- A. Penicillin
- B. Fluroquinolones
- C. Tetracyclines
- D. Macrolides
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Fluoroquinolones are associated with tendon rupture, including Achilles tendon, as a rare but serious side effect. Other antibiotics listed (A, C, D) are not commonly linked to this adverse effect.