Nokea
Which statement is correct regarding glucagon:
- A. Causes hypoglicemia
- B. Haven't affect glucose level in the blood
- C. Has a positive inotroic effect
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Glucagon has a positive inotropic effect on the heart, increasing contractility, in addition to raising blood glucose levels.
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Patients who have a poor metabolism phenotype will have:
- A. Slowed metabolism of a prodrug into an active drug, leading to accumulation of prodrug
- B. Accumulation of inactive metabolites of drugs
- C. A need for increased dosages of medications
- D. Increased elimination of an active drug
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Poor metabolizers (e.g., CYP2D6) slowly convert prodrugs to active forms , causing prodrug buildup, not metabolite accumulation or faster elimination .
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for Amitriptyline for treatment of depression. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. Expect therapeutic effects in 24 to 48 hr.
- B. Discontinue the medication after a week of improved mood.
- C. Change positions slowly to minimize dizziness.
- D. Decrease injury from the first dose.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Slow position changes prevent dizziness, and chewing gum relieves dry mouth, common with tricyclics like amitriptyline.
Choose an antihypertensive agent that is most likely to produce tachycardia, fluid retention and hirsutism?
- A. Captopril
- B. Guanethidine
- C. Minoxidil
- D. Prazosin
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Minoxidil causes reflex tachycardia, fluid retention, and hirsutism.
Many patients with hyperlipidemia are treated with more than one drug. Combining a fibric acid derivative such as gemfibrozil with which of the following is not recommended? The drug and the reason must both be correct for the answer to be correct.
- A. Reductase inhibitors, due to an increased risk for rhabdomyolysis
- B. Bile-acid sequestering resins, due to interference with folic acid absorption
- C. Grapefruit juice, due to interference with metabolism
- D. Niacin, due to decreased gemfibrozil activity
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Gemfibrozil with statins increases rhabdomyolysis risk.
A 7-year-old boy fell off a wood pile while playing. He has been admitted to the intensive care unit with multiple broken bones and internal bleeding. What should the nurse know about drug therapy in this type of patient?
- A. Adverse effects may be decreased.
- B. Therapeutic effects may be increased.
- C. Pharmacodynamics may be altered.
- D. Pharmacokinetics remain the same
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Trauma alters pharmacodynamics (drug effects), requiring careful monitoring.