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Which statement is true regarding the shortage of nurses in the United States?
- A. There are a larger proportion of younger nurses in the workforce as compared with older nurses.
- B. As a result of decreased RN-to-patient ratios, there is a decrease in patient mortality in the clinical setting.
- C. Nursing programs are turning away qualified applicants.
- D. There are adequate classroom and clinical facilities for training RNs.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The statement that nursing programs are turning away qualified applicants is true regarding the shortage of nurses in the United States. Despite the growing demand for healthcare services and the critical need for more nurses, nursing schools across the country face challenges in accepting all qualified applicants due to a shortage of nursing faculty, limited clinical space, and budget constraints. This bottleneck in nursing education and training contributes to the shortage of nurses in the workforce. As a result, many potential nursing students who are qualified and interested in pursuing a career in nursing are being turned away from programs, exacerbating the shortage.
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Which statement related to the condition of endometriosis is most accurate?
- A. Endometriosis is characterized by the presence and growth of endometrial tissue inside the uterus
- B. It is found more often in African-American women than in Caucasian or Asian women
- C. Endometriosis may worsen with repeated cycles or remain asymptomatic and disappear after menopause
- D. It is unlikely to affect sexual intercourse or fertility
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Endometriosis is the growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterus and may cause symptoms such as painful intercourse and infertility. It can worsen with repeated cycles or remain asymptomatic.
What information is important for the nurse to include in planning for the care of a woman who has had a vaginal hysterectomy?
- A. Expect to be fully recovered in 4 to 6 weeks.
- B. Expect no changes in her hormone levels.
- C. Expect surgical menopause.
- D. Take tub baths to aid in healing.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Unless the ovaries were also removed, hormonal levels should not change. The woman should expect vaginal discharge for 4 to 6 weeks. Full recovery varies from woman to woman, depending on risk factors and individual healing.
Which laboratory testing is used to detect the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)?
- A. HIV screening
- B. HIV antibody testing
- C. Cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) counts
- D. Cluster of differentiation 8 (CD8) counts
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: HIV antibody tests confirm the presence of the virus.
A nurse educator is teaching a group of nursing students about the history of family-centered maternity care. Which statement should the nurse include in the teaching session?
- A. The Sheppard-Towner Act of 1921 promoted family-centered care.
- B. Changes in pharmacologic management of labor prompted family-centered care.
- C. Demands by physicians for family involvement in childbirth increased the practice of family-centered care.
- D. Parental requests that infants be allowed to remain with them rather than in a nursery initiated the practice of family-centered care.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The statement that parental requests that infants be allowed to remain with them rather than in a nursery initiated the practice of family-centered care is the most accurate regarding the history of family-centered maternity care. Family-centered care evolved in response to the recognition of the importance of family involvement in maternity care and the benefits of promoting bonding between the newborn and their parents. This shift in practice came about in response to increasing parental requests for infants to remain with them rather than being separated in a nursery setting. This marked a significant departure from traditional policies that separated mothers and infants after birth and paved the way for the development of family-centered approaches to maternity care.
What concern is unnecessary for the nurse to address before assisted reproductive therapy?
- A. Risks of multiple gestation
- B. Whether to disclose the facts of conception to offspring
- C. Freezing embryos for later use
- D. Financial ability to cover the cost of treatment
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: While financial concerns are important, they are not the nurse's responsibility to address. The nurse should focus on medical and ethical concerns related to treatment and embryo storage.