ATI TEAS 7 Science Practice Test

ATI TEAS 7 Science Practice Test Related

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Which statement most accurately compares and contrasts the structures of DNA and RNA?

  • A. Both DNA and RNA have 4 nucleotide bases. Three of the bases are the same, but the fourth base is thymine in DNA and uracil in RNA.
  • B. Both DNA and RNA have the same 4 nucleotide bases. However, the nucleotides bond differently in DNA compared to RNA.
  • C. Both DNA and RNA have different numbers of nucleotide bases. DNA is a double helix while RNA is a single strand.
  • D. Both DNA and RNA have a double helix structure. However, DNA contains 6 nucleotide bases and RNA contains 4 nucleotide bases.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because DNA and RNA both consist of 4 nucleotide bases, namely adenine, cytosine, and guanine, which are common in both. The key difference lies in the fourth base, which is thymine in DNA and uracil in RNA. This distinction is fundamental in understanding the structural variances between DNA and RNA. Choice B is incorrect as it incorrectly states that the nucleotides bond differently in DNA compared to RNA without specifying the crucial base differences. Choice C is inaccurate as it misrepresents the numbers of nucleotide bases in DNA and RNA, and incorrectly describes DNA as a double helix and RNA as a single strand, which is not related to the difference in bases. Choice D is incorrect as it inaccurately portrays DNA with 6 nucleotide bases and RNA with 4, which is not true; both DNA and RNA have 4 nucleotide bases, but with differences in one of the bases.

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Which of the following is NOT an element of the respiratory system?

  • A. Ribs
  • B. Trachea
  • C. Diaphragm
  • D. Alveoli
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Ribs. The ribs are part of the skeletal system, providing structure and protection to the thoracic cavity. The trachea, diaphragm, and alveoli are all essential components of the respiratory system. The trachea carries air to and from the lungs, the diaphragm aids in breathing by contracting and relaxing to change the volume of the thoracic cavity, and the alveoli are tiny air sacs where gas exchange occurs in the lungs. Therefore, ribs do not play a direct role in the respiratory process and are not considered a part of the respiratory system.

How do hydrogen bonds in water affect its characteristics?

  • A. Hydrogen bonds are not polar enough to attract non-polar molecules.
  • B. Hydrogen bonds cause water to be less dense when it is a solid than when it is a liquid.
  • C. Hydrogen bonds cause water to have high surface tension, allowing some organisms to move across it.
  • D. Hydrogen bonds cause water to be a good solvent.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Hydrogen bonds in water contribute to its high surface tension, enabling some organisms to move across the water's surface. This property is essential for certain insects and small animals that rely on surface tension to move or stay afloat on water. Choice A is incorrect because hydrogen bonds are polar and can attract polar and other charged molecules. Choice B is incorrect as hydrogen bonds make ice less dense than liquid water, which is a unique property. Choice D is incorrect as the ability of water to act as a good solvent is primarily due to its polarity, not just hydrogen bonding.

Which blood vessel carries oxygenated blood back to the heart?

  • A. Pulmonary vein
  • B. Pulmonary artery
  • C. Aorta
  • D. Superior vena cava
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The corrected question is asking for a blood vessel that carries oxygenated blood back to the heart. The pulmonary vein is the correct choice as it carries oxygenated blood from the lungs back to the heart during systemic circulation. The pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs for oxygenation. The aorta is the main artery that carries oxygenated blood away from the heart to the body. The superior vena cava returns deoxygenated blood from the upper body back to the heart.

Which of the following best describes a plane that divides the body into upper and lower portions?

  • A. Coronal
  • B. Transverse
  • C. Oblique
  • D. Median
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Transverse. A transverse plane, also known as a horizontal plane, divides the body into upper and lower portions. This plane is perpendicular to the long axis of the body. Coronal planes divide the body into anterior and posterior portions. Oblique planes pass through the body at an angle, neither strictly horizontal nor vertical. The median plane passes longitudinally through the body, dividing it into equal left and right halves.

Which of the following describes a responsibility of the integumentary system?

  • A. Distributing vital substances, such as nutrients, throughout the body.
  • B. Blocking pathogens that cause disease.
  • C. Sending leaked fluids from the cardiovascular system back to the blood vessels.
  • D. Storing bodily hormones that influence gender traits.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct responsibility of the integumentary system is to act as a barrier that blocks pathogens from entering the body, thus helping to prevent diseases and infections. This function serves as the first line of defense for the body against external threats. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Choice A is a function of the circulatory system, not the integumentary system. Choice C relates to the lymphatic system, not the integumentary system. Choice D involves the endocrine system, not the integumentary system.

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