Nokea
Which statement most accurately describes substance addiction?
- A. A chronic, relapsing brain disease associated with craving and a lack of control over use of a substance.
- B. A disorder associated with tolerance to a substance as well as withdrawal symptoms if use is abruptly discontinued.
- C. Behaviors associated with habitual use of a substance for the single purpose of altering one's mood, emotion, or state of consciousness.
- D. A behavioral disorder associated with selected personality features.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Addiction involves a lack of control and craving, characteristic of a chronic brain disease.
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Which question has the highest priority when assessing a newly admitted patient with a history of alcohol abuse?
- A. Have you ever had blackouts?'
- B. When did you have your last drink?'
- C. Has drinking caused you any problems?'
- D. When did you decide to seek treatment?'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Knowing the last drink time is critical to anticipate withdrawal symptoms.
While caring for a patient with a methamphetamine overdose, which tasks are the priorities of care?
- A. Administration of naloxone (Narcan)
- B. Vitamin B12 and folate supplements
- C. Restoring nutritional integrity
- D. Prevention of seizures
- E. Reduction of fever
Correct Answer: D,E
Rationale: Hyperpyrexia and convulsions are life-threatening in methamphetamine overdose, making these priorities.
A nurse can assist a patient diagnosed with addiction and the patient's family in which aspects of relapse prevention?
- A. Rehearsing techniques to handle anticipated stressful situations
- B. Advising the patient to accept residential treatment if relapse occurs
- C. Assisting the patient to identify life skills needed for effective coping
- D. Isolating self from significant others and social situations until sobriety is established
- E. Teaching the patient about the physical changes to expect as the body adapts to functioning without substances
Correct Answer: A,C,E
Rationale: Nurses can help with skill-building, stress management, and education on physiological changes to prevent relapse.
A patient admitted yesterday for injuries sustained while intoxicated believes the window blinds are snakes trying to get into the room. The patient is anxious, agitated, and diaphoretic. Which medication can the nurse anticipate the health care provider will prescribe?
- A. Monoamine oxidase inhibitor, such as phenelzine
- B. Phenothiazine, such as thioridazine
- C. Benzodiazepine, such as lorazepam
- D. Narcotic analgesic, such as morphine
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Benzodiazepines are the drugs of choice for alcohol withdrawal delirium due to their high therapeutic safety index and anticonvulsant properties.
A patient undergoing alcohol rehabilitation decides to accept disulfiram therapy to avoid impulsively responding to drinking cues. Which information should be included in the discharge teaching for this patient?
- A. Avoid aged cheeses.
- B. Read labels of all liquid medications.
- C. Wear sunscreen and avoid bright sunlight.
- D. Maintain an adequate dietary intake of sodium.
- E. Avoid breathing fumes of paints, stains, and stripping compounds.
Correct Answer: B,E
Rationale: Disulfiram reacts with alcohol, so patients must avoid hidden alcohol sources like liquid medications and alcohol-laden fumes.