Nokea
Which statements made by a diabetic client at the clinic strongly suggest that the client has a urinary tract infection? Select all that apply.
- A. I need to urinate frequently.
- B. I can't hold my urine.
- C. I have a burning sensation when I urinate.
- D. I have a burning sensation when I urinate.
- E. I pass a large quantity of urine.
- F. My urine is foul-smelling.
Correct Answer: A,B,C,F
Rationale: Frequent urination, inability to hold urine, burning sensation, and foul-smelling urine are classic symptoms of a urinary tract infection.
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Which intervention should the nurse include when preparing a teaching plan for the client with chronic prostatitis?
- A. Sit in a warm sitz bath for 10 to 20 minutes several times daily.
- B. Sit in the chair with the feet elevated for two (2) hours daily.
- C. Drink at least 3,000 mL of oral fluids, especially tea and coffee, daily.
- D. Stop broad-spectrum antibiotics as soon as the symptoms subside.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Warm sitz baths reduce inflammation and pain in chronic prostatitis. Elevating feet is unrelated, tea/coffee are bladder irritants, and stopping antibiotics early risks recurrence.
Which medication is most appropriate to administer to the client who is having bladder spasms?
- A. Aspirin by mouth
- B. Acetaminophen (Tylenol) by mouth
- C. Meperidine hydrochloride (Demerol) intramuscularly
- D. Belladonna and opium (B&O) rectal suppository
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Belladonna and opium suppositories are specifically used to relieve bladder spasms post-TURP.
Which response by the nurse is best?
- A. Encourage the client to restrict fluid intake because it shows evidence of client cooperation.
- B. Encourage the client to restrict fluid intake because it leads to accomplishing the goal.
- C. Discourage the client from restricting fluid intake because it contributes to constipation.
- D. Discourage the client from restricting fluid intake because it potentiates fluid imbalance.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Restricting fluid intake can lead to dehydration and fluid imbalance, which can worsen health outcomes, so the nurse should discourage this action.
The nurse is caring for a pregnant client diagnosed with acute pyelonephritis. Which scientific rationale supports the client being hospitalized for this condition?
- A. The client must be treated aggressively to prevent maternal/fetal complications.
- B. The nurse can force the client to drink fluids and avoid nausea and vomiting.
- C. The client will be dehydrated and there won’t be sufficient blood flow to the baby.
- D. Pregnant clients historically are afraid to take the antibiotics as ordered.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Acute pyelonephritis in pregnancy risks maternal sepsis and fetal complications (e.g., preterm labor). Hospitalization ensures aggressive IV antibiotic treatment and monitoring. Dehydration and antibiotic fears are secondary concerns.
Before peritoneal dialysis begins, the nurse correctly informs the client that the procedure involves the movement of urea and creatinine through the peritoneum by means the patient?
- A. Osmosis
- B. Diffusion
- C. Filtration
- D. Gravity
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Diffusion is the primary mechanism by which urea and creatinine move across the peritoneal membrane during dialysis.