Nokea
Which strategy will the nurse include in the plan of care for a 6-year-old child for whom operant conditioning has been recommended?
- A. Periodically asking the child to attempt increasingly difficult puzzles
- B. Consistently offering praiseace their dirty dishes in the sink
- C. Expecting the child to rinse and place their dirty dishes in the sink
- D. Conditioning the child to expect punishment when misbehaving
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Operant conditioning, based on Skinner’s theory, involves reinforcing desired behaviors. Positive reinforcement (praise) encourages repetition of the behavior.
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A friend says to a nurse, “I am not going to get vaccines for my baby. I hear that vaccines cause autism.” The nurse’s best reply is:
- A. The exact cause of autism is not really known
- B. It’s believed that autism is really a result of birth trauma
- C. There is no conclusive evidence to connect autism to vaccinations.
- D. Please tell me more about where you got that information about autism?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: This response provides factual, evidence-based information to address the common misconception linking vaccines to autism. It is clear and reassuring for the parent.
A 34-year-old male with catatonic schizophrenia has been mute and motionless for several days. Which nursing intervention would be an initial priority?
- A. Orienting the patient to the unit.
- B. Reinforcing reality with the patient.
- C. Establishing a nonthreatening relationship.
- D. Administer prescribed medications or intervention
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Building trust and rapport is essential when working with patients in a catatonic or withdrawn state.
Which complaint is representative of anxiety in a 6-year-old child?
- A. I worry that my dad will get hurt at work.
- B. I get a stomach ache when it's my weekend at my dad's house.
- C. I can't sleep when I stay at Grandma's because I worry about my mom.
- D. I'm not going to sports camp because I don't like being away from my friends.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Children often express anxiety through physical complaints like stomachaches, especially in situations that cause distress or discomfort, such as visiting a noncustodial parent.
Which person has the greatest potential for developing dysfunctional grief?
- A. A teen who has always been one of the ‘popular kids’
- B. A widow who regularly states, “I really loved my deceased wife”
- C. A woman whose husband died as a result of a sudden, traumatic injury
- D. An adult who has dealt with the loss of several family members over the
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The person with the greatest potential for developing dysfunctional grief is an adult who has dealt with the loss of several family members over their lifetime. Losing multiple family members can create a cumulative effect, leading to unresolved grief and complicated bereavement reactions. These repeated losses can overwhelm an individual's coping mechanisms and increase the risk of developing dysfunctional grief patterns. The ongoing experience of loss and grief can make it challenging for the individual to process their emotions effectively and adjust to their new reality, potentially leading to prolonged and complicated mourning.
The community health nurse is visiting a patient diagnosed with dysfunctional grieving since the death of his wife and child over a year ago. Which actions should the nurse implement first?
- A. Promote interaction with others.
- B. Assess risk of self-directed violence.
- C. Facilitate expression of feelings related to the loss.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Assessing the risk of self-directed violence is the priority when dealing with a patient diagnosed with dysfunctional grieving. Individuals experiencing complicated grief may be at an increased risk for self-harm or suicidal ideation. By assessing the risk of self-directed violence first, the nurse can ensure the patient's safety and provide appropriate interventions if necessary. Once the risk is assessed and managed, the nurse can then proceed with other interventions such as promoting interaction with others and facilitating the expression of feelings related to the loss.