Nokea
Which technique does the cataract treatment of phacoemulsification involve?
- A. Drying' the cataract with hypertonic saline
- B. Removing the lens through the anterior capsule
- C. The insertion of a new lens
- D. Breaking the cataract with ultrasound
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Phacoemulsification uses ultrasound to break up the cataract.
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The 62-year-old patient reports a feeling of 'grittiness' in the eye and is having blurred vision. The eyes are reddened and have stringy mucus. Which disorder do these symptoms indicate?
- A. Sjögren syndrome
- B. Early cataracts
- C. Macular degeneration
- D. Retinal detachment
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The Sjögren syndrome of 'dry eye' is associated with advancing age. There is insufficient production of tears. Excessive use of antihistamines, antidepressants, and decongestants may cause this syndrome to appear.
Which term describes the process when the lens of the eye changes its curvature to focus on the retina?
- A. Accommodation
- B. Constriction
- C. Convergence
- D. Refraction
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The ability of the lens to alter its curvature as it focuses on the retina is accommodation.
The nurse takes into consideration that the Weber test indicated a conductive hearing loss in a patient because the patient reported hearing the tone in which way?
- A. equally in both ears.
- B. as a shrill noise.
- C. louder in his affected ear.
- D. very faintly.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A conductive hearing loss can be diagnosed by the Weber test. A person with a conductive loss will hear the noise louder in his affected ear.
The nurse will provide which advise for a patient who has severe vertigo from labyrinthitis?
- A. Lean against a wall and not move the head forward until vertigo lessens.
- B. Bend at the waist and take several deep breaths.
- C. Drink an iced drink slowly.
- D. Lie immobile and hold the head in one position until the vertigo lessens.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Lying immobile and holding the head in one position will lessen vertigo.
For which reason is otitis media found more frequently in children 6 to 36 months?
- A. Eustachian tubes in children are shorter and straighter.
- B. Infection descends via the eustachian tube to the throat.
- C. Children's eustachian tubes are more vertical and longer.
- D. Otitis media is seen equally in both children and adults.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Children's shorter and straighter eustachian tubes provide easier access of the organisms from the nasopharynx to travel to the middle ear.