Nokea
Which term describes the allele for green eyes?
- A. Dominant
- B. Recessive
- C. Homozygous
- D. Heterozygous
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is 'B: Recessive.' In genetics, eye color is determined by multiple genes, with green eyes often being associated with a recessive allele. When an individual carries two copies of the recessive allele for green eyes, they will express this eye color. Dominant alleles are expressed over recessive alleles. Homozygous refers to having two identical alleles for a particular gene, and heterozygous refers to having two different alleles. In this context, the allele for green eyes is recessive, meaning it is expressed only when an individual carries two copies of this specific allele. Therefore, 'Recessive' is the most appropriate term to describe the allele for green eyes, making it the correct answer.
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In the suburban neighborhood of Northwoods, there has been a large population of deer, and residents have complained about them eating flowers and garden plants. What would be a logical explanation for the large increase in the deer population over the last two seasons?
- A. There has been an increase in the quantity of food sources in surrounding areas.
- B. The population of natural predators in Northwoods has decreased.
- C. Deer have migrated from surrounding areas.
- D. There has been a recent increase in hunting licenses sold.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because a decrease in natural predators can lead to an increase in the deer population as there are fewer predators to control their numbers. This explanation aligns with the situation described in the question, where the deer population has increased, causing issues for residents. Choice A is incorrect because an increase in food sources would not directly explain the increase in the deer population. Choice C is incorrect as it introduces a new factor of migration which is not mentioned in the question. Choice D is incorrect as an increase in hunting licenses sold would likely have the opposite effect on the deer population.
What units of measurement would a triple beam balance show?
- A. Liters
- B. Grams
- C. Meters
- D. Gallons
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A triple beam balance is used to measure mass, typically in grams. Liters, meters, and gallons are units of volume, length, and capacity, respectively, not typically measured using a triple beam balance. Therefore, the correct answer is grams. Choice A, Liters, is a unit of volume. Choice C, Meters, is a unit of length. Choice D, Gallons, is a unit of capacity. These units are not typically measured using a triple beam balance.
Which of the following characteristics is part of a person's genotype?
- A. Brown eyes that appear hazel in the sunlight
- B. The CFTR gene, which causes cystic fibrosis
- C. Black hair that grows rapidly
- D. Being a fast runner
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. A genotype refers to a person's genetic makeup, which includes specific genes like the CFTR gene responsible for cystic fibrosis. Genes are the units of heredity and are part of an individual's genotype, influencing various traits and characteristics. Choice A, brown eyes that appear hazel in the sunlight, refers to a phenotype, which is the observable characteristics resulting from the interaction of genes and the environment. Choice C, black hair that grows rapidly, also describes a phenotype rather than a genotype. Choice D, being a fast runner, is a trait influenced by a combination of genetic and environmental factors, but it does not directly relate to a specific gene in the genotype.
Which of the following is NOT an element of the respiratory system?
- A. Ribs
- B. Trachea
- C. Diaphragm
- D. Alveoli
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Ribs. The ribs are part of the skeletal system, providing structure and protection to the thoracic cavity. The trachea, diaphragm, and alveoli are all essential components of the respiratory system. The trachea carries air to and from the lungs, the diaphragm aids in breathing by contracting and relaxing to change the volume of the thoracic cavity, and the alveoli are tiny air sacs where gas exchange occurs in the lungs. Therefore, ribs do not play a direct role in the respiratory process and are not considered a part of the respiratory system.
What function do genes serve in the relationship between parents and offspring?
- A. Genes enable hereditary information to be passed from parents to offspring.
- B. Genes prohibit hereditary information from being passed from parents to offspring.
- C. Genes enable environmental factors to affect parents and offspring.
- D. Genes serve no function in the relationship between parents and offspring.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Genes play a crucial role in passing hereditary information from parents to offspring, ensuring the transmission of genetic traits. This process forms the basis of inheritance and genetic continuity between generations. Choice B is incorrect as genes do not prohibit but rather facilitate the transmission of hereditary information. Choice C is incorrect because genes primarily transmit genetic information, while the influence of environmental factors is separate. Choice D is incorrect as genes are fundamental in genetic inheritance and the relationship between parents and offspring.