Nokea
Which term describes the most likely structure of an essay about the similarities and differences between World War I and World War II?
- A. Technical
- B. Expository
- C. Cause/effect
- D. Compare/contrast
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is 'Compare/contrast.' This structure is specifically designed to analyze and highlight the similarities and differences between two subjects, making it the most appropriate choice for an essay discussing the similarities and differences between World War I and World War II. Choice A, 'Technical,' typically involves detailed, specialized information rather than comparison. Choice B, 'Expository,' focuses on explaining or describing a topic without necessarily comparing or contrasting different subjects. Choice C, 'Cause/effect,' is used to examine the causes and consequences of events, which is different from directly comparing and contrasting two historical events like World War I and World War II.
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Which of the following is an example of deliberate plagiarism?
- A. A student copies an informational source intending to paraphrase it.
- B. A writer forgets to include quotation marks around a direct quote.
- C. A student submits a paper they found on the internet.
- D. A writer omits a source citation because they believe the information is common knowledge.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Submitting a paper found on the internet as one's own work is a clear example of deliberate plagiarism. Choice A is not deliberate plagiarism as the student intends to paraphrase the source, although it may still be considered plagiarism if not properly cited. Choice B is a form of plagiarism known as improper citation but does not involve deliberate intent to pass off someone else's work as one's own. Choice D is also a form of plagiarism known as inadequate citation or failure to attribute, but it does not constitute deliberate plagiarism as the writer's intention is not to deceive but rather a failure in acknowledging sources properly.
When a researcher submits a paper for publication in a scientific journal, the editors give it to other scientists to review. Which of the following options best uses grammar to combine the sentences above for clarity?
- A. When a researcher submits a paper for publication in a scientific journal, the editors give it to other scientists to review.
- B. The editors give it to other scientists after a researcher submits a paper for publication in a scientific journal, and they review it.
- C. A researcher submits a paper for publication in a scientific journal, and then the scientists review the paper because the editors gave it to other scientists.
- D. The scientists review the paper after the editors give it to them when a researcher submits a paper for publication in a scientific journal.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: "When a researcher submits a paper for publication in a scientific journal, the editors give it to other scientists to review." This option provides a clear and concise way to combine the two sentences. It maintains the logical sequence of events: first, the researcher submits the paper, and then the editors pass it to other scientists for review.
Option B introduces unnecessary complexity by separating the actions in a less fluid manner. Option C confuses the sequence of events by implying that the scientists review the paper because the editors already gave it to them, which is not the intended order of actions. Option D also disrupts the chronological order of events by placing the scientists' review before the editors give them the paper, making it less clear and accurate compared to the correct answer, option A.
Which of the following sentences would be a good topic sentence?
- A. Ultimately, you will find that getting it just right can be surprisingly satisfying.
- B. Cooking requires a number of different skills that can be learned and practiced.
- C. One of the first things you will need as a chef is a good set of well-sharpened knives.
- D. Of course, it can take a while to get the hang of chopping vegetables efficiently.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The sentence 'Cooking requires a number of different skills that can be learned and practiced' effectively introduces the main idea of the paragraph, making it a strong topic sentence. Choice A is vague and does not clearly establish the central theme. Choice C focuses on a specific tool rather than the broader concept of cooking skills. Choice D is more about the process of learning a particular skill rather than encompassing the range of skills needed for cooking.
Identify the preposition in the following sentence: It's really hot in that room.
- A. It
- B. hot
- C. in
- D. that
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is "C: in." A preposition is a word that shows the relationship of a noun or pronoun to another word in the sentence. In this sentence, 'in' is the preposition, indicating the location of the heat relative to the room. Choices A, B, and D are not prepositions. 'It' is a pronoun, 'hot' is an adjective, and 'that' is a demonstrative pronoun in this context, not a preposition.
Which of the following is a correctly punctuated compound sentence?
- A. The moonlight glowed white on the roof next door, and the sky was a gentle summer blue.
- B. The raspberries we just picked from the garden are ripe and sweet.
- C. She spent all afternoon studying for the biology test, but she neglected to work on her psychology paper.
- D. The man often drew sketches in his room, but he never liked to show his art to anyone.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Choice A is the correct answer as it presents a correctly punctuated compound sentence. It consists of two independent clauses separated by a comma and the coordinating conjunction 'and.' This punctuation accurately connects the two related ideas. Choice B is incorrect because it lacks a comma before the coordinating conjunction 'and,' making it a run-on sentence. Choice C is incorrect due to the use of a semicolon before the coordinating conjunction 'but,' which is unnecessary in this context. Choice D is incorrect as it lacks a comma before the coordinating conjunction 'but,' resulting in a comma splice error.