Nokea
Which term means alternate forms of a gene for the same trait?
- A. Phenotypes.
- B. Genotypes
- C. Alleles.
- D. Gametes.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
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Where does photosynthesis take place?
- A. Endoplasmic reticulum.
- B. Mitochondrion.
- C. Chloroplast.
- D. Golgi apparatus.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Chloroplast. Photosynthesis takes place in the chloroplast, specifically in the thylakoid membranes where the light-dependent reactions occur, and in the stroma where the light-independent reactions (Calvin cycle) take place. The chloroplast contains chlorophyll, the pigment responsible for capturing light energy needed for photosynthesis.
Explanation for why the other choices are incorrect:
A: Endoplasmic reticulum - The endoplasmic reticulum is involved in protein and lipid synthesis, not in photosynthesis.
B: Mitochondrion - Mitochondria are responsible for cellular respiration, not photosynthesis.
D: Golgi apparatus - The Golgi apparatus is involved in processing and packaging proteins for secretion, not in photosynthesis.
In summary, the correct answer is C (Chloroplast) because it is the organelle where photosynthesis occurs due to the presence of chlorophyll and the necessary enzymes for the light-dependent and
During which phase is the chromosome number reduced from diploid to haploid?
- A. S phase
- B. interphase
- C. mitosis
- D. meiosis I
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is meiosis I. Meiosis is a specialized cell division process that occurs in sexually reproducing organisms to produce gametes (sperm and egg). In meiosis I, the chromosome number is reduced from diploid (2n) to haploid (n) by separating homologous chromosomes. This reduction in chromosome number is crucial for maintaining the correct chromosome count in sexually reproducing organisms and ensuring genetic diversity in offspring.
How is the plasma membrane arranged?
- A. In a single layer made of proteins
- B. In a double layer made of proteins
- C. In a single layer of phospholipids
- D. In a double layer of phospholipids
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The plasma membrane is arranged in a double layer of phospholipids, known as a lipid bilayer. This structure consists of two layers of phospholipid molecules with their hydrophilic (water-attracting) heads facing outwards and their hydrophobic (water-repelling) tails facing inward. This lipid bilayer provides a barrier that separates the interior of the cell from the external environment, regulating the passage of substances in and out of the cell.
Select the two bases that are purines:
- A. A
- B. C
- C. T
- D. N
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Purines are adenine (A) and guanine (G), which are the larger nitrogenous bases found in DNA and RNA. Adenine (A) is one of the purine bases, whereas cytosine (C) and thymine (T) are pyrimidines. Therefore, the correct answer is A. Option D, 'N,' is not a purine base.
When the genotype consists of a dominant and a recessive allele, the phenotype will be like the....................allele.
- A. Dominant
- B. Recessive
- C. Both
- D. Neither
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: When an individual possesses a genotype with both a dominant and a recessive allele, the dominant allele will dictate the phenotype. Dominant alleles are expressed over recessive alleles in heterozygous individuals, leading to the phenotype resembling the dominant allele's characteristics.