Nokea
Which type of anemia is diagnosed with a Schilling test?
- A. Aplastic
- B. Pernicious
- C. Megaloblastic
- D. Iron deficiency
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The Schilling test is used to determine the cause of vitamin B12 deficiency, a potential precursor to pernicious anemia. This test involves the use of a small oral dose of radioactive B12 and a large nonradioactive intramuscular dose. A 24-hour urine specimen is then collected to measure the amount of radioactivity in the urine, and thus radioactive B12. This test is not helpful in diagnosing aplastic, megaloblastic, or iron-deficiency anemia.
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Which of the following indicates that a 5-month-old weighing 15 lb and being treated for dehydration has a normal urine output? The urine output is:
- A. 1 to 2 mL/kg/hour.
- B. 3 to 5 mL/kg/hour.
- C. 6 to 8 mL/kg/hour.
- D. 10 to 12 mL/kg/hour.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Normal urine output for an infant is 1 to 2 mL/kg/hour, indicating adequate hydration. Higher outputs may suggest overhydration or other issues.
A client with atrial fibrillation is prescribed digoxin (Lanoxin). Which finding indicates a potential toxicity?
- A. Heart rate of 80 bpm.
- B. Visual disturbances.
- C. Blood pressure of 120/80 mm Hg.
- D. Clear lung sounds.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Visual disturbances, such as blurred or yellow vision, are classic signs of digoxin toxicity, requiring immediate reporting.
A client is scheduled for a creatinine clearance test. Which one of the following preparations is appropriate for the nurse to make?
- A. Instruct the client about the need to collect urine for 24 hours.
- B. Prepare to insert an indwelling urethral catheter.
- C. Provide the client with a sterile urine collection container.
- D. Instruct the client to force fluids to 3,000 mL/day.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A creatinine clearance test requires a 24-hour urine collection to assess kidney function accurately, making this the appropriate preparation.
A client takes isosorbide dinitrate (Isordil) as an antianginal medication. Which of the following statements indicates that the client understands the adverse effects of the drug?
- A. I should take my pulse before taking the medication.'
- B. I should take Isordil with food.'
- C. I will need to change positions slowly so I won't get dizzy.'
- D. It is important that I report any swelling in my ankles.'
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Isosorbide dinitrate can cause orthostatic hypotension, so changing positions slowly prevents dizziness, indicating client understanding of adverse effects.
The nurse establishes the goal of preventing the development of a stress ulcer in a burn client. Which of the following interventions would most likely contribute to the achievement of this goal?
- A. Implementing relaxation exercises.
- B. Administering a sedative as needed.
- C. Administering prophylactic antacids or histamine-2 receptor antagonists.
- D. Monitoring the client's nutritional status closely.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Prophylactic antacids or H2 receptor antagonists reduce gastric acid, preventing stress ulcers in burn patients, who are at high risk due to stress response.