Nokea
Which type of motility in the large intestine helps in the absorption of water and electrolytes?
- A. Peristalsis
- B. Segmentation
- C. Mass movements
- D. Swallowing
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Segmentation in the large intestine involves rhythmic contractions that mix contents, increasing contact time with the mucosa for water and electrolyte absorption.
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What is an example of assimilation?
- A. absorption of glycerol into lacteals
- B. breakdown of alcohol in the liver
- C. building of proteins from amino acids
- D. release of a hormone from a gland
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Assimilation involves using absorbed nutrients to synthesize cellular components; building proteins from amino acids is a prime example.
The large intestine lacks:
- A. goblet cells
- B. epiploic appendages
- C. plicae circulares
- D. haustra
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The large intestine lacks plicae circulares, which are present in the small intestine to increase surface area.
Which motor activity is primarily responsible for mixing and churning food in the small intestine to enhance digestion and absorption?
- A. Peristalsis
- B. Segmentation
- C. Migrating motor complex
- D. Gastric emptying
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Segmentation mixes chyme with digestive enzymes and increases mucosal contact for absorption in the small intestine.
The pylorus is best described as the:
- A. Area of the stomach that accepts food from the esophagus
- B. Valve between the ileum and the cecum
- C. Terminal portion of the large intestine
- D. Area of the stomach that empties into the small intestine
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The pylorus is the lower part of the stomach that connects to the duodenum.
How many muscles does the action of swallowing use?
- A. 92
- B. 6
- C. 60
- D. 29
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Swallowing involves approximately 29 muscles, including those in the pharynx and esophagus, coordinated by the autonomic nervous system.