Nokea
Which types of acids form the basic building blocks of protein?
- A. fatty
- B. amino
- C. nucleic
- D. omega fatty
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is 'B: amino.' Amino acids are the fundamental units that make up proteins. They are essential for various bodily functions, including building and repairing tissues. Choice A, 'fatty acids,' are not the basic building blocks of proteins but rather a type of lipid. Choice C, 'nucleic acids,' are the building blocks of nucleic acids like DNA and RNA, not proteins. Choice D, 'omega fatty acids,' are a specific type of fatty acid known for their health benefits but are not directly related to the building blocks of proteins.
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The primary responsibility for nutrition care of people in the community belongs to the:
- A. community physician.
- B. public health nurse.
- C. public health nutritionist.
- D. registered dietitian.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Public health nutritionists work within communities to ensure that populations have access to nutritional resources. They focus on promoting good nutrition, developing programs, and educating the public about healthy eating habits. While community physicians, public health nurses, and registered dietitians may also play roles in promoting nutrition in the community, the primary responsibility for nutrition care typically falls under the purview of public health nutritionists.
Which of the following provides the best source of nutrients?
- A. specific food combinations.
- B. a variety of foods.
- C. individual foods.
- D. a variety of food supplements.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A variety of foods is the best source of nutrients because it ensures a balanced intake of all essential nutrients required by the body. Option A, specific food combinations, may not provide all necessary nutrients as relying on only a few types of food may lead to deficiencies. Option C, individual foods, also may not provide a complete range of nutrients necessary for overall health. Option D, a variety of food supplements, is not the best source of nutrients as whole foods are generally more beneficial due to their natural nutrient composition and bioavailability.
What is the primary function of carbohydrates as a food source?
- A. Regulate metabolic processes.
- B. Build body tissue.
- C. Supply energy.
- D. Provide bulk.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The primary function of carbohydrates as a food source is to supply energy. Carbohydrates are the body's main source of energy, providing fuel for various physiological functions. Choice A is incorrect because carbohydrates do not primarily regulate metabolic processes; that role is mainly attributed to enzymes and hormones. Choice B is incorrect because proteins are primarily responsible for building body tissue. Choice D is incorrect because fiber, not all carbohydrates, provides bulk in the diet.
The mineral that helps control enzyme actions in cell mitochondria that produce and store high-energy compounds is:
- A. iron.
- B. cobalt.
- C. hemoglobin.
- D. vitamin B12.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is iron. Iron is essential for enzyme function and energy production within the mitochondria. While cobalt is important for certain enzymes, it is not the primary mineral involved in this specific function. Hemoglobin is a protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen, not a mineral involved in enzyme actions. Vitamin B12 is crucial for nerve function and DNA synthesis but is not directly related to controlling enzyme actions in mitochondria.
The number of kilocalories provided by a food that contains 22g of fat is:
- A. 88
- B. 132
- C. 154
- D. 198
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Fat provides 9 kcal per gram, so 22 grams of fat will provide 198 kcal (22g * 9 kcal/g = 198 kcal). Choice A (88) is incorrect because it miscalculates the kcalories. Choice B (132) is incorrect as it does not consider the correct kcaloric value of fat. Choice C (154) is incorrect as it also does not calculate the kcalories accurately based on the fat content.