Nokea
While assessing a client taking propranolol, which finding should the nurse report to the provider?
- A. Bradycardia
- B. Dry mouth
- C. Constipation
- D. Increased appetite
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Bradycardia is a significant side effect of propranolol, a beta-blocker that slows the heart rate. It indicates potential cardiovascular complications and should be reported promptly to the healthcare provider for further evaluation and management. Dry mouth, constipation, and increased appetite are common side effects of various medications but are not directly associated with propranolol's mechanism of action.
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Pharmacokinetic changes in women's bodies that affect drug dosing include:
- A. Increased body fat
- B. Increased glomerular filtration rate in pregnancy
- C. Decreased gastric emptying
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Choice D is correct because increased body fat (alters distribution), higher GFR in pregnancy (increases clearance), and slower gastric emptying (affects absorption) all change pharmacokinetics, impacting dosing. Choice A is incorrect alone as fat is one change. Choice B is wrong by itself because GFR is just part. Choice C is incorrect solo since gastric emptying is only one factor.
A client with a history of angina pectoris reports chest pain after climbing stairs. What should be the nurse's first action?
- A. Administer oxygen.
- B. Administer nitroglycerin.
- C. Sit the client down and rest.
- D. Check the client's blood pressure.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct action for a client experiencing anginal pain, like chest pain after climbing stairs, is to sit the client down and have them rest. Resting reduces myocardial oxygen demand, which can help relieve anginal pain. Administering oxygen or nitroglycerin may be appropriate interventions after the client has been seated and rested. Checking the client's blood pressure is important but not the immediate priority when a client is experiencing anginal pain. Therefore, the first action should be to sit the client down and allow them to rest.
Patient education for the elderly should include:
- A. Explanation of drug purpose
- B. Instructions for safe administration
- C. Potential side effects
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Choice D is correct because explaining purpose (improves adherence), safe administration (prevents errors), and side effects (enhances safety) are all key for elderly education, per geriatric care. Choice A is incorrect alone as it's one aspect. Choice B is wrong by itself because administration is just part. Choice C is incorrect solo since side effects are only one element.
A nurse is assessing a client who has been taking lithium carbonate. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
- A. Increased urination
- B. Tremors
- C. Weight gain
- D. Blurred vision
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Tremors. Tremors are a sign of lithium toxicity and should be reported immediately. Increased urination is a common side effect of lithium but not an urgent concern requiring immediate reporting. Weight gain is also a common side effect of lithium but does not indicate toxicity. Blurred vision is not typically associated with lithium toxicity; therefore, it is not the priority finding to report.
A healthcare professional is preparing to administer ceftriaxone 1 g IM to a client who has a pelvic infection. Which of the following actions should the healthcare professional plan to take?
- A. Administer the medication via IM bolus over 5 minutes.
- B. Reconstitute with 0.9% sodium chloride.
- C. Discard the reconstituted medication if it is cloudy.
- D. Administer the medication in a large muscle.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Administering ceftriaxone in a large muscle is crucial for proper absorption and to reduce the risk of pain or tissue irritation. Intramuscular administration of ceftriaxone helps achieve optimal therapeutic levels in the bloodstream for the treatment of the pelvic infection. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. Choice A is not recommended as ceftriaxone should not be administered as a bolus over 5 minutes. Choice B is irrelevant because the question is about the administration route, not the reconstitution process. Choice C is also irrelevant as it does not pertain to the administration but to the quality of the reconstituted medication.