Nokea
While assessing the patient's oral mucosa, you detect severely unpleasant sour breath. What is the correct medical terminology for this finding?
- A. Halitosis
- B. Fetor oris
- C. Malodor
- D. Xerostomia
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Halitosis is the medical term for bad breath, including sour or unpleasant odors from the mouth.
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You know that it is important to foster rapport and communication with all of your patients. Which of the following actions and interventions would be helpful to increase the effectiveness of your communication and increase nurse-patient rapport?
- A. Talk most of the time you are with the patient so that he or she does not get nervous
- B. Smile frequently
- C. Think of a good nickname you can call the patient to put him or her at ease
- D. Sit in a chair beside the bed and give the patient at least 5 to 10 minutes of your time
- E. Smile and be genuine
- F. Always introduce yourself while you are smiling and explain what you are about to do before you perform an intervention or assessment
- G. Be aware of possible cultural restrictions or influences. Verify them when uncertain
Correct Answer: B,D,E,F,G
Rationale: Smiling, spending time, being genuine, explaining actions, being nonjudgmental, and respecting cultural differences foster rapport and effective communication.
What assessments should you make of the lower extremities in an initial shift assessment?
- A. Pulse strength, edema, skin condition, range of motion
- B. Capillary refill, temperature, sensation, strength
- C. Color, pulses, edema, mobility
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Lower extremity assessment includes pulse strength, edema, skin condition, range of motion, capillary refill, temperature, sensation, strength, color, and mobility.
During a focused assessment of a patient's circulatory system, you were unable to palpate the left pedal pulse although the right pedal pulse was strong. What should be your first action?
- A. Notify the health-care provider
- B. Check the blood pressure in the left leg
- C. Palpate for the left posterior tibialis pulse
- D. Obtain a Doppler
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Using a Doppler is the first step to assess an absent pedal pulse, as it can detect blood flow that is not palpable.
Which lobe(s) of the lungs is(are) accessible for auscultation both anteriorly and posteriorly?
- A. The left upper lobe
- B. The left lower lobe
- C. The right upper lobe
- D. The right middle lobe
- E. The right lower lobe
Correct Answer: A,C
Rationale: The left and right upper lobes can be auscultated anteriorly and posteriorly due to their position in the chest.
You have just completed auscultation of the patient's lungs. The sounds that you heard were sort of rattling; however, they cleared when the patient coughed. What term accurately describes what you heard?
- A. Crackles
- B. Rhonchi
- C. Wheezes
- D. Pleural friction rub
- E. Stridor
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rhonchi are rattling sounds that often clear with coughing, indicating mucus in the larger airways.