ATI Detailed Answer Key Medical Surgical

ATI Detailed Answer Key Medical Surgical Related

Review ATI Detailed Answer Key Medical Surgical related questions and content

While caring for a client with extensive partial and full-thickness burns of the head, neck, and chest, which risk should the nurse prioritize for assessment and intervention?

  • A. Airway obstruction
  • B. Infection
  • C. Fluid imbalance
  • D. Paralytic ileus
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Airway obstruction. This should be prioritized because burns to the head, neck, and chest can lead to swelling and inflammation, potentially compromising the airway. Maintaining a clear airway is crucial for oxygenation and ventilation. If the airway becomes obstructed, it can quickly lead to respiratory distress or failure. Assessing for signs of airway compromise and intervening promptly is essential to prevent serious complications.

Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because while infection, fluid imbalance, and paralytic ileus are also important considerations in burn care, they are not as immediately life-threatening as airway obstruction in this case. Infection can be managed with appropriate wound care, fluid imbalance can be addressed with fluid resuscitation, and paralytic ileus can be treated with medications and bowel management strategies.

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A break in sterile technique occurs during surgery when the scrub nurse touches

  • A. the mask with sterile gloved hands.
  • B. sterile gloved hands to the gown at chest level.
  • C. the drape at the incision site with sterile gloved hands.
  • D. the lower arm to the instruments on the instrument tray.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Touching non-sterile items like masks compromises sterility and requires corrective action.

In teaching parents to associate prevention with the lifestyle of their child with sickle cell disease, the nurse should emphasize that a priority for their child is to:

  • A. Avoid overheating during physical activities.
  • B. Maintain normal activity with some restrictions.
  • C. Be cautious of others with viruses or temperatures.
  • D. Maintain routine immunizations.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Immunizations protect against infections that can trigger crises.

Match the descriptions to the stages of sleep. Some descriptions may have more than one stage and some stages may be used more than once.

  • A. Brain waves resemble wakefulness
  • B. Deepest sleep, lasting 20 to 40 minutes
  • C. Associated with specific EEG waveforms
  • D. Most vivid dreaming occurs
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D (REM). REM sleep is characterized by brain waves resembling wakefulness and vivid dreaming. The deepest sleep (B) corresponds to NREM Stage 3, while specific EEG waveforms (C) are associated with all stages.

What is the most common cause of conductive hearing loss?

  • A. Earwax buildup
  • B. Eardrum perforation
  • C. Middle ear effusion
  • D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Conductive hearing loss can result from any obstruction or damage in the outer or middle ear.

A physician is monitoring intravenous fluids for someone who is currently being treated for metabolic acidosis. The physician monitors his signs and symptoms typical of metabolic acidosis which include:

  • A. Elevated blood pressure,bradycardia,elevated respiratory rate and muscle twitching.
  • B. Hypotension altered heart rate elevated respiratory rate and muscle weakness.
  • C. Hypertension tachycardia slowed respiratory rate and muscle spasms.
  • D. Hypotension hypoxia irritability and paresthesia.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is Hypotension, altered heart rate, elevated respiratory rate, and muscle weakness (B). Metabolic acidosis causes the body to compensate by increasing respiratory rate to blow off CO2, leading to hyperventilation. Other symptoms include hypotension, altered heart rate, and muscle weakness due to electrolyte imbalances.

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