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While engaging in a discussion with a group of teens about risk behaviors, one of the teens says, 'That will never happen to me.' The nurse interprets this as which of the following?
- A. Invincibility fable
- B. Formal operations
- C. Egocentric thinking
- D. Relational aggression
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The statement reflects the invincibility fable, a common adolescent belief that they are immune to negative consequences. Formal operations refer to cognitive development, egocentric thinking is self-focused but not specific to risk, and relational aggression involves social harm, not denial of risk.
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While caring for a family who lost a 10-year-old son in a car accident, the nurse should instruct the parents to tell the 4-year-old sister which of the following about her brother?
- A. He died and is not coming back.
- B. He passed on to the other side.
- C. He departed on a long journey.
- D. He has gone to see the Lord above.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: For a 4-year-old, clear, simple language like 'He died and is not coming back' is appropriate to help them understand death without confusion. Euphemisms like 'passed on,' 'long journey,' or 'seeing the Lord' may confuse young children who think concretely and may expect the person to return.
The nurse is planning an initial therapy session with a 20-year-old patient whose parents had alcoholism. The nurse anticipates that the patient would most likely exhibit symptoms of which of the following?
- A. Delusions
- B. Paranoid delusions
- C. Low self-concept
- D. Extroversion
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Children of alcoholics often develop low self-concept due to unstable family dynamics, neglect, or emotional stress. Delusions or paranoid delusions are not typical without a psychotic disorder, and extroversion is a personality trait, not a symptom.
A group of nursing students is reviewing information about the differences that occur with grieving in children, adolescents, and adults. The students demonstrate understanding of this information when they identify which of the following as characteristic of adolescents?
- A. View death as reversible
- B. Mourn by talking about the loss
- C. Need repeated explanations to understand the loss
- D. Express a time limit for socially acceptable grieving
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Adolescents typically mourn by talking about the loss, as they have developed cognitive and social skills to express grief verbally. Viewing death as reversible or needing repeated explanations is characteristic of younger children, and time limits for grieving are not typical.
A nurse is providing care to several chronically ill children. Which of the following would the nurse identify as having the greatest risk for developing a psychiatric problem?
- A. 12 year-old with diabetes mellitus
- B. 5 year-old with cerebral palsy
- C. 8 year-old who has chronic renal disease
- D. 10 year-old with a heart murmur
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Chronic renal disease in an 8-year-old poses significant physical and emotional stress, including frequent medical interventions and lifestyle restrictions, increasing psychiatric risk. Diabetes and cerebral palsy also carry risks, but renal disease is more invasive, and a heart murmur is typically less severe.
The nurse is counseling a family with a 10-year-old child after the death of a favorite uncle. The nurse provides guidance to the parents, informing them that the child may exhibit which of the following as a response?
- A. Talk about scary, morbid novels all the time.
- B. Complain of aches and pains, stomachaches, that sort of thing.
- C. Suddenly become afraid of leaving home to go to school.
- D. Become obsessed with religious rituals, Bible verses, and prayer.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Children aged 10 often express grief somatically, such as through aches or stomachaches, as a way to process loss. Talking about morbid novels, fear of leaving home, or religious obsession are less typical grief responses and may indicate other issues.