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While explaining an illness to a 10-year-old, what should the nurse keep in mind about the cognitive development at this age?
- A. They are able to make simple associations of ideas
- B. They are able to think logically in organizing facts
- C. Interpretation of events originates from their own perspective
- D. Conclusions are based on previous experiences
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct answer: At the age of 10, children are in the stage of concrete operational thought, where they can think logically and organize facts. Choice A is incorrect as simple associations of ideas are more characteristic of earlier developmental stages. Choice C is incorrect as while children at this age are developing perspective-taking skills, their interpretations are not solely limited to their own perspective. Choice D is incorrect as while previous experiences influence their thinking, the ability to think logically and organize facts is more prominent in this stage of cognitive development.
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Which of the following best describes the goal of primary health care?
- A. Treating chronic diseases
- B. Providing specialized medical services
- C. Promoting health and preventing illness
- D. Conducting medical research
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'Promoting health and preventing illness.' Primary health care aims to provide essential health services, promote health, prevent diseases, and manage common health problems. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because primary health care focuses on a holistic approach to health that includes health promotion, disease prevention, treatment of common illnesses, and community participation, rather than specialized services, chronic disease treatment, or medical research.
Which of the following measures the frequency of new cases of the phenomenon during a given period of time?
- A. prevalence rate
- B. proportionate mortality rate
- C. case fatality rate
- D. incidence rate
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, incidence rate. Incidence rate measures the frequency of new cases of a phenomenon, providing important information about the risk of developing the condition. Prevalence rate (choice A) reflects both old and new cases, proportionate mortality rate (choice B) is the proportion of deaths due to a specific cause, and case fatality rate (choice C) measures the proportion of deaths among confirmed cases, not just new cases.
Which topic should the nurse include in planning a primary prevention class for adolescents?
- A. Risk factors for heart disease.
- B. Dietary management of obesity.
- C. Suicide risks and prevention.
- D. Coping with stressful situations.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct topic that the nurse should include in planning a primary prevention class for adolescents is suicide risks and prevention. Adolescents are particularly vulnerable to mental health issues, including suicidal ideation. Educating them about suicide risks and prevention strategies is crucial for early intervention and support. Choices A, B, and D are important topics, but when considering primary prevention for adolescents, addressing suicide risks and prevention takes precedence due to its immediate life-saving implications.
A hospitalized child suddenly has a seizure while his family is visiting. The nurse notes whole body rigidity followed by general jerking movements. The child vomits immediately after the seizure. A priority nursing diagnosis for the child is
- A. High risk for infection related to vomiting
- B. Altered family processes related to chronic illness
- C. Fluid volume deficit related to vomiting
- D. Risk for aspiration related to loss of consciousness
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Risk for aspiration is a priority concern following a seizure, especially when the child vomits, as there is a danger of aspirating the vomit into the lungs, leading to respiratory complications. The other options are not the priority in this situation. While infection risk and fluid volume deficit are important, ensuring the child's airway is clear and there is no risk of aspiration takes precedence. Altered family processes may be a concern but addressing the immediate physiological risk is the priority.
Which playroom activities should the nurse organize for a small group of 7-year-old hospitalized children?
- A. Sports and games with rules
- B. Finger paints and water play
- C. "Dress-up" clothes and props
- D. Chess and television programs
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.