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While interviewing a Native American man for the admission history, the nurse should expect to:
- A. wait patiently through long pauses in the conversation.
- B. maintain eye contact with the patient.
- C. give the patient permission to speak.
- D. have another family member speak for the patient. Native Americans use long pauses in their conversation to better consider their answer and consider the question. The culturally sensitive nurse would wait quietly through the pauses.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because it acknowledges the cultural communication norms of Native American individuals, who may take longer pauses during conversations to reflect and respond thoughtfully. By waiting patiently through these pauses, the nurse shows respect for the individual's communication style and allows for effective dialogue.
Option B is incorrect because maintaining constant eye contact may be perceived as confrontational or disrespectful in some Native American cultures. Option C is incorrect as it assumes the patient needs permission to speak, which may not align with their cultural norms. Option D is incorrect as it undermines the individual's autonomy and may not accurately represent their perspective.
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In the early postoperative period, what is the priority concern for Mr. L, who has a tracheostomy and partial laryngectomy?
- A. Possible infection related to chemotherapy and surgical procedure
- B. Poor nutritional intake related to dysphagia and malignancy
- C. Difficulty communicating needs because of the tracheostomy tube
- D. High risk for aspiration because of secretions and removal of epiglottis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: High risk for aspiration because of secretions and removal of epiglottis. This is the priority concern for Mr. L due to the risk of food or liquid entering the airway, leading to aspiration pneumonia and respiratory distress. The tracheostomy and partial laryngectomy compromise the airway protection mechanism, increasing the risk of aspiration. Options A and B are not the priority as infection and poor nutrition can be managed after addressing the risk of aspiration. Option C, while important for communication, is not as immediately life-threatening as the risk of aspiration.
According to Swanson's theory, there are five caring processes, one of which is "knowing." What are the other four?
- A. Communication, assertiveness, responsibility, and caring
- B. Maintaining belief, being with, doing for, and enabling
- C. Understanding, action, information, and comfort
- D. Maintaining belief, being with, enabling, and supporting
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Maintaining belief, being with, doing for, and enabling.
- Maintaining belief: Involves believing in the patient's capacity for self-care.
- Being with: Being present and connecting emotionally with the patient.
- Doing for: Providing assistance and meeting the patient's needs.
- Enabling: Encouraging and supporting the patient to reach their full potential.
Other choices are incorrect:
- A: Communication, assertiveness, responsibility, and caring do not align with Swanson's caring processes.
- C: Understanding, action, information, and comfort are not the caring processes in Swanson's theory.
- D: Maintaining belief, being with, enabling, and supporting is partly correct but lacks the "doing for" process.
The author describes the patient journey as driving down a country road and somehow getting lost. At that moment and time, all that is needed is clear directions about how to get to your destination, not about types of entertainment in the area. The same is true for patients. Accordingly, a part of each nursing assessment should include:
- A. Patient's need for information and level of understanding
- B. Detailed overview of disease process
- C. Specific examples from other patients with same disease
- D. Nurse's feelings about newest treatment modality
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: Understanding the patient's need for information and level of understanding is crucial to providing appropriate care.
Step 2: Clear directions are necessary to guide patients, just like clear information is needed to guide their healthcare decisions.
Step 3: Assessing the patient's need for information helps tailor education to their level of understanding.
Step 4: This choice directly aligns with the analogy of providing clear directions for patients on their healthcare journey.
Summary: Choice A is correct as it emphasizes the importance of assessing the patient's need for information and understanding, which is essential for guiding them effectively. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not directly address the patient's need for information and understanding in the analogy provided.
The home care nurse visits a mother and her newborn 2 days after discharge from the hospital. The mother states, "My baby cries all the time. I must not be a very good mother.= Which response by the nurse is nontherapeutic?
- A. "It sounds as if you are concerned about your ability to care for your baby.=
- B. "The nurse moves closer to the mother and places a hand on her shoulder."
- C. "You just need to get away for a few hours. Find a babysitter and go to a movie.=
- D. "I am not sure that I understand what you mean. Tell me more about how you feel.=
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because it dismisses the mother's feelings and suggests a temporary distraction instead of addressing her concerns. Choice A validates the mother's feelings and promotes open communication. Choice B demonstrates empathy and physical support. Choice D encourages the mother to express her emotions further for better understanding. Overall, choice C is nontherapeutic as it does not address the underlying issue of the mother's feelings of inadequacy and instead offers a superficial solution.
A non-Hispanic white nurse provides care to mostly Hispanic patients. It would be most important for the nurse to take which action?
- A. Discover cultural influences on healthcare perceptions and behaviors.
- B. Assist the patients to adapt to American culture and health beliefs.
- C. Avoid confrontation of underlying issues of discrimination.
- D. Improve communication by learning how to speak Spanish.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: Understanding cultural influences is crucial for providing effective care to diverse patients.
Step 2: By discovering healthcare perceptions and behaviors, the nurse can tailor care to meet the patients' needs.
Step 3: This approach promotes cultural competence and improves patient outcomes.
Step 4: Other choices are incorrect as they do not address the core issue of cultural understanding and sensitivity.