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While obtaining the medication history, a client tells the nurse that he takes acetaminophen every day. The nurse questions the client about the amount of the drug he takes in each dose and how many times a day he takes the drug based on the understanding that the total daily dose should be no greater than which amount?
- A. 2 grams
- B. 4 grams
- C. 6 grams
- D. 8 grams
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The maximum daily dose of acetaminophen should not exceed 4 grams to prevent toxicity.
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A nurse recognizes the difference between an opioid and nonopioid analgesic. Which of the following would the nurse identify as nonopioid analgesics?
- A. Morphine
- B. Codeine
- C. Acetaminophen
- D. Oxycodone
- E. Diflunisal
Correct Answer: C,E
Rationale: The nonopioid analgesics can be divided into three categories: salicylates, nonsalicylates, and NSAIDs. Acetaminophen (nonsalicylate) and diflunisal (salicylate) are nonopioid analgesics, whereas morphine, codeine, and oxycodone are opioid analgesics.
Which of the following points should a nurse include in the teaching plan for a patient who has been prescribed a nonopioid analgesic?
- A. Discontinue the dosage of the drug immediately if symptoms disappear.
- B. Take any over-the-counter (OTC) drug if pain increases.
- C. Contact physician if temperature remains high even after 3 days.
- D. Contact physician if severe or recurrent pain persists for more than 10 days.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Patients should consult a provider if severe or recurrent pain persists for more than 10 days. OTC drugs should not be taken without consulting a provider, and fever persisting beyond 1 day requires attention.
A group of nursing students are reviewing information about salicylates. The students demonstrate understanding of the information when they identify which of the following as a salicylate?
- A. Ecotrin
- B. Bufferin
- C. Tylenol
- D. Dolobid
- E. Motrin
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: Ecotrin (acetylsalicylic acid), Bufferin (magnesium salicylate), and Dolobid (diflunisal) are salicylates. Tylenol is a nonsalicylate, and Motrin is an NSAID.
A nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving a salicylate for pain relief. The nurse would assess the client for which of the following suggesting salicylism?
- A. Constipation
- B. Bradycardia
- C. Sleeplessness
- D. Flushing
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Flushing is a symptom of salicylism. Tachycardia, not sleepliness or constipation, is associated with salicylism.
A client is being discharged from the hospital on warfarin for atrial fibrillation. The client asks the nurse, 'What can I use if I have a headache?' The nurse responds by telling the client that which of the following would be appropriate to use?
- A. Bufferin
- B. Tylenol
- C. Ecotrin
- D. Empirin
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Clients taking warfarin should avoid salicylates (Bufferin, Ecotrin, Empirin) due to increased bleeding risk and use Tylenol (acetaminophen) for pain relief.