Nokea
While receiving treatment for kidney stones, a man complains of swelling and pain in his big toe and is found to have hyperuricemia
- A. Clomiphene
- B. Hydrochlorothiazide
- C. Furosemide
- D. Mifepristone
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Thiazides like hydrochlorothiazide reduce uric acid excretion, causing hyperuricemia and gout.
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Which medication order requires nursing judgment and means administer if needed?
- A. Morphine 4 mg IV stat
- B. Morphine 4 mg IV prior to procedure
- C. Morphine 4 mg IV four times a day
- D. Morphine 4 mg IV every 4 hours PRN
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: PRN indicates for the nurse to administer morphine every 4 hours if needed and requires nursing judgment. Stat means the dose of morphine would be given immediately, not as needed. The orders for the dose of morphine to be given prior to the patient's scheduled procedure and four times a day, do not indicate to give the dose as needed.
Patients taking antacids should be educated regarding these drugs, including letting them know that:
- A. They may cause constipation or diarrhea
- B. Many are high in sodium
- C. They should separate antacids from other medications by 1 hour
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: All are true: antacids cause GI effects , may be high-sodium , and interact with drugs if not timed apart .
The nurse is caring for a patient who is being treated for chronic alcohol intoxication. The nurse notes that the patient's serum alcohol level is 0.40 mg%. The patient is awake and talkative even though this is a potentially lethal dose. The nurse recognizes this as alcohol
- A. addiction
- B. dependence
- C. misuse
- D. tolerance
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Tolerance allows functioning at high alcohol levels; addiction or dependence don't explain this alone. This person has developed tolerance to alcohol and is able to have a potentially lethal amount without severe effects.
Which of the following statement is not correct for insulin medications:
- A. Effective for treatment of diabetes type I
- B. Effective for treament of diabetes type II
- C. Is for parenteral use
- D. Is for intravenous use only
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Insulin is not exclusively for IV use; it's typically subcutaneous, though IV is used in emergencies.
Osteoporosis is a major adverse effect caused by the glucocorticoids. It is due to their ability to:
- A. Increase the excretion of calcium
- B. Inhibit absorption of calcium
- C. Stimulate the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis
- D. Decrease production of prostaglandins
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Glucocorticoids inhibit calcium absorption in the gut, contributing to osteoporosis.