Nokea
While receiving treatment for kidney stones, a man complains of swelling and pain in his big toe and is found to have hyperuricemia
- A. Clomiphene
- B. Hydrochlorothiazide
- C. Furosemide
- D. Mifepristone
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Thiazides like hydrochlorothiazide reduce uric acid excretion, causing hyperuricemia and gout.
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While caring for a client who is taking furosemide (Lasix), the nurse recognizes dietary teaching has been effective if the patient includes which of the following foods in his daily menus?
- A. Broccoli and kiwi
- B. Oranges and sweet potatoes
- C. Kale and cucumbers
- D. Bananas and melon
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Furosemide (Lasix) is a loop diuretic that can cause potassium loss; bananas and melon are potassium-rich, aiding in replacing this electrolyte, unlike the other options.
A child with severe asthma is being treated oral prednisone. Which of the following adverse effects is of particular concern?
- A. Hypoglycemia
- B. Hirsutism
- C. Growth suppression
- D. Cushing syndrome
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Growth suppression is a significant concern in children on long-term prednisone due to its impact on bone growth and development.
A potentially life-threatening adverse response to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors is angioedema. Which of the following statements is true about this adverse response?
- A. Swelling of the tongue or hoarseness are the most common symptoms.
- B. It appears to be related to the decrease in aldosterone production.
- C. Presence of a dry, hacky cough indicates a high risk for this adverse response.
- D. Because it takes time to build up a blood level, it occurs after being on the drug for about 1 week.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Angioedema presents with tongue swelling or hoarseness and is not linked to cough or aldosterone.
Zero order kinetics is seen with
- A. Phenytoin
- B. Phenobarbital
- C. Erythromycin
- D. Digoxin
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Phenytoin exhibits zero-order kinetics at high doses (rate is constant, not proportional).
Which medication ordered for a patient with a substance abuse history has the greatest risk for abuse?
- A. Lomotil
- B. Diazepam
- C. Phenobarbital
- D. Lortab
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Lortab is a Schedule III drug with a higher potential for abuse than Lomotil (Schedule V), Diazepam (Schedule IV), and Phenobarbital (Schedule IV).