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While studying vocabulary, a student notices that the words circumference, circumnavigate, and circumstance all begin with the prefix 'circum'. The student uses her knowledge of affixes to infer that all of these words share what related meaning?
- A. Around, surrounding
- B. Travel, transport
- C. Size, measurement
- D. Area, location
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'Around, surrounding.' The prefix 'circum-' commonly means 'around' or 'surrounding,' as observed in words like circumference (the distance around a circle), circumnavigate (to sail or travel around something), and circumstance (a condition surrounding or related to an event). Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because the shared meaning among these words is related to being around or surrounding, not travel, transport, size, measurement, area, or location.
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Which of the answer choices best explains the purpose of the parentheses in the sentence?
- A. To offer brief commentary on the subject matter being discussed
- B. To modify or qualify the statement that came immediately before
- C. To identify information that was located using another source
- D. To set off useful information that does not fit the flow of the sentence
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Parentheses are used to set off supplementary information (the years of Franz Joseph I's reign) that provides context but does not disrupt the flow of the main sentence. Choice A is incorrect as the purpose of the parentheses in this case is not to offer commentary but to provide additional information. Choice B is incorrect as the parentheses do not modify or qualify the statement before. Choice C is incorrect as the information in the parentheses is not identified as being from another source.
Hampton was born and raised in Maywood of Chicago, Illinois in 1948. Which of the following is the correct punctuation for the sentence?
- A. NO CHANGE
- B. in Maywood, of Chicago, Illinois in 1948.
- C. in Maywood of Chicago, Illinois, in 1948.
- D. in Chicago, Illinois of Maywood in 1948.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Option C correctly punctuates the sentence by placing commas after 'Chicago' and 'Illinois' to separate the location details and inserting a comma before 'in 1948' to separate the location from the date. This creates a clear and grammatically correct sentence. Choices A, B, and D incorrectly place the commas, leading to confusion or incorrect grouping of the location and date information.
Which of the following choices shows the best chronological order for the sentences within the paragraph?
- A. IV, II, I, III
- B. III, IV, II, I
- C. I, II, III, IV
- D. III, I, IV, II
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct chronological order for the sentences within a paragraph should follow the sequence of events logically. In this case, 'I, II, III, IV' is the correct order. Sentence I usually sets the stage or introduces the main idea, followed by sentence II, which provides additional information. Sentence III usually presents the climax or a turning point, leading to sentence IV, which wraps up the paragraph. Choice C, 'I, II, III, IV,' maintains this logical progression, making it the best chronological order. Choices A, B, and D do not follow a coherent chronological sequence and disrupt the flow of events within the paragraph.
What is the part of speech of the word 'fresh' in the sentence: 'We need to come up with a fresh approach to this problem'?
- A. Noun
- B. Verb
- C. Adverb
- D. Adjective
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The word 'fresh' is functioning as an adjective in the sentence because it describes the noun 'approach.' In this context, 'fresh' provides a characteristic or quality of the approach, indicating that it is new or innovative. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. 'Fresh' is not a noun (A), as it is not the name of a person, place, thing, or idea. It is not a verb (B) because it is not expressing an action or state of being. Additionally, 'fresh' is not an adverb (C) that modifies a verb, adjective, or another adverb. Therefore, the correct answer is D: 'Adjective.'
Which of the following facts would be the most relevant to include here?
- A. NO CHANGE; best as written
- B. was another activist group that
- C. had a lot of members that
- D. was another school that
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Option B provides relevant context by specifying that the BPP was another activist group. This clarification helps to establish a parallel between the BPP and the NAACP in terms of their function and purpose. Choice C is incorrect as the number of members is not the key point being compared in the sentence. Choice D is incorrect as it introduces an unrelated comparison involving schools, which is not relevant to the context provided in the sentence.