HESI Pediatrics Quizlet

HESI Pediatrics Quizlet Related

Review HESI Pediatrics Quizlet related questions and content

While waiting for the administration of air pressure to reduce the intussusception, the boy passes a normal brown stool. Which nursing action is the most appropriate for the nurse to take?

  • A. notify the practitioner
  • B. measure abdominal girth
  • C. auscultate for bowel sounds
  • D. take vital signs, including blood pressure
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is to notify the practitioner. The passage of a normal brown stool in a child with intussusception could indicate spontaneous reduction of the intussusception. It is crucial to inform the practitioner immediately so that they can reassess the situation and determine the next steps, which may include adjusting the planned intervention. Measuring abdominal girth (choice B) may be important in assessing for abdominal distension but is not the most immediate action required in this scenario. Auscultating for bowel sounds (choice C) is a routine nursing assessment but does not take precedence over notifying the practitioner in this critical situation. Taking vital signs, including blood pressure (choice D), is also important but notifying the practitioner is more urgent to address the unexpected change in the patient's condition.

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When a child with a diagnosis of asthma is prescribed a peak flow meter, what should the nurse teach the child and parents about using this device?

  • A. Use the device before taking medication
  • B. Use the device during asthma attacks
  • C. Record the best of three attempts
  • D. Use the device after eating
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is to record the best of three attempts when using a peak flow meter. This method provides a more accurate measure of peak expiratory flow. Choice A is incorrect because using the device before taking medication may not reflect the actual peak flow, as medication can affect lung function. Choice B is incorrect as using the device during asthma attacks may not be feasible or safe, as the focus during an attack should be on managing symptoms rather than measuring peak flow. Choice D is incorrect because using the device after eating may not provide an accurate measurement of peak flow, as digestion can affect lung function temporarily.

A child is admitted with extensive burns. The nurse notes burns on the child's lips and singed nasal hairs. The nurse should suspect that the child has a(n)

  • A. chemical burn
  • B. inhalation injury
  • C. electrical burn
  • D. hot-water scald
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Burns on the lips and singed nasal hairs are indicative of an inhalation injury. This suggests that the child has likely inhaled hot gases or smoke, leading to damage in the respiratory tract. Choice A, chemical burn, is incorrect because the symptoms described are more aligned with inhalation rather than direct contact with chemicals. Choice C, electrical burn, is incorrect as there are no mentions of contact with an electrical source. Choice D, hot-water scald, is also incorrect as the presentation of burns on the lips and singed nasal hairs is not characteristic of scald injuries.

The nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results of a child diagnosed with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). What would the nurse interpret as indicative of this disorder?

  • A. Shortened prothrombin time
  • B. Increased fibrinogen level
  • C. Positive fibrin split products
  • D. Increased platelets
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Positive fibrin split products are indicative of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). In DIC, there is widespread clotting and subsequent consumption of clotting factors, leading to the formation of fibrin split products. A shortened prothrombin time (Choice A) is not typically seen in DIC as it indicates faster clotting, which is opposite to the pathophysiology of DIC. An increased fibrinogen level (Choice B) may be observed in the early stages of DIC due to the compensatory increase in production, but it is not a definitive indicator. Increased platelets (Choice D) may be seen in the early stages of DIC due to the body's attempt to compensate for clot formation, but it is not a specific finding for DIC.

A healthcare provider is assessing a child with suspected Kawasaki disease. What clinical manifestation is the healthcare provider likely to observe?

  • A. Generalized rash
  • B. Peeling skin on the hands and feet
  • C. High fever
  • D. Low-grade fever
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Peeling skin on the hands and feet is a characteristic clinical manifestation of Kawasaki disease, known as desquamation. This occurs during the convalescent phase of the illness. While Kawasaki disease is associated with a high fever, which is a common early sign, and can also present with other symptoms like conjunctivitis, mucous membrane changes, and lymphadenopathy, the peeling skin on the hands and feet is a classic feature that distinguishes Kawasaki disease from other conditions. Generalized rash is not a specific hallmark of Kawasaki disease, and low-grade fever is not typically associated with this condition. Therefore, the correct answer is B, peeling skin on the hands and feet, which is a key feature of Kawasaki disease.

What factor predisposes the urinary tract to infection in children?

  • A. increased fluid intake
  • B. short urethra in young girls
  • C. prostatic secretions in males
  • D. frequent emptying of the bladder
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The short urethra in young girls is a significant factor that predisposes them to urinary tract infections. Girls have a shorter urethra than boys, making it easier for bacteria to travel up the urinary tract, leading to infections. Increased fluid intake (Choice A) is actually a preventive measure as it helps flush out bacteria from the urinary tract. Prostatic secretions in males (Choice C) do not predispose the urinary tract to infection in children. Frequent emptying of the bladder (Choice D) is also a good practice to prevent urinary tract infections by reducing the chances of bacterial growth in the urinary tract.

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