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Who is responsible for serving as the primary advocate for the patient?
- A. The nurse
- B. The health-care provider
- C. The nurse supervisor
- D. The hospital
- E. The laboratory technician
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nurses are primarily responsible for patient advocacy, acting in the patient's best interest.
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Which of the following can be considered restraint devices?
- A. Bed rails
- B. Belts
- C. Tied sheets
- D. Sedatives
- E. Wrist restraints
- F. Vest restraints
Correct Answer: A, B, C, E, F
Rationale: Bed rails, belts, tied sheets, wrist restraints, and vest restraints are physical restraints; sedatives are chemical restraints but not devices.
An LPN plans to delegate the task of getting an informed consent form signed to a CNA. Which of the five rights of delegation would be violated by this decision, if any?
- A. Right task
- B. Right circumstances
- C. Right person
- D. Right directions and communication
- E. Right supervision and evaluation
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Obtaining informed consent is not within a CNA's scope of practice, violating the right person principle.
An LVN is being sued for malpractice. He testifies that he did turn the patient every 2 hours and did not observe any signs of pressure injuries during the shifts he worked. There is no documentation of this in the patient's medical record. This is an example of:
- A. the NPA being violated.
- B. rules for documentation not being followed.
- C. an advance directive not being followed.
- D. HIPAA laws being violated.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Failure to document care, such as turning a patient, violates documentation rules, weakening the nurse's defense in a malpractice case.
A nursing student posted a comment about her clinical experience on Facebook. She did not use the patient's or the nurse's names but described them both in negative terms. This was
- A. acceptable because no names were used.
- B. unacceptable because it can be considered slander.
- C. unacceptable because it violates confidentiality.
- D. acceptable because the location of the patient was not revealed.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Posting negative descriptions of patients, even without names, violates confidentiality and professional ethics.
You need to have a patient sign informed consent for a procedure that the doctor has explained. The patient is a 17-year-old female who is married and has a child. Her mother is also in the room. Who should sign the form?
- A. The patient's mother if the patient lives with her
- B. Only the patient's father can sign the form
- C. The patient
- D. Whichever parent is the custodial parent
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A 17-year-old who is married is considered emancipated and can sign informed consent herself.