Nokea
Who is the primary authority source for drug standards in the United States?
- A. Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)
- B. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
- C. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
- D. National Institutes of Health (NIH)
- E. Calculate the total volume for all doses:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The FDA is responsible for regulating and overseeing the standards for drug safety, efficacy, and quality in the United States. They review and approve new drugs before they can be marketed, set guidelines for manufacturing practices, and monitor drug safety post-market. The DEA (A) focuses on enforcing controlled substance laws, CDC (C) focuses on public health, and NIH (D) is primarily a research agency. Choices E, F, and G are irrelevant and do not pertain to drug standards.
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When administering an antianginal drug such as nitroglycerin (NTG) the nurse identifies which as the most common response.
- A. Bradycardia
- B. Tachycardia
- C. Hypotension
- D. Dry mouth
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Hypotension. Nitroglycerin causes vasodilation, leading to decreased systemic vascular resistance and blood pressure. This is the most common response because it is a desired effect in treating angina by improving myocardial oxygen supply. Bradycardia (A) and tachycardia (B) are less common with nitroglycerin. Dry mouth (D) is not a typical side effect of nitroglycerin.
Calculate the following dosage using ratio and proportions method. Round answers to the nearest tenth. Order: Tegretol 200 mg p.o.t.i.d. Available
- A. 3 tabs
- B. 2 tabs
- C. 1 1/2 tabs
- D. 4 tabs
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: To calculate the dosage of Tegretol, use the formula: Desired dose/Available dose = X/1. Start with the desired dose of 200 mg and the available dose of 1 tablet. Cross-multiply to find X: 200/1 = X/200, X = 200. So, the patient needs 200 mg, which is equivalent to 1 tablet. Since the order is for 200 mg p.o.t.i.d (three times a day), the total daily dosage would be 3 tablets. Therefore, the correct answer is B: 2 tabs. Choice A is incorrect because it doesn't consider the frequency of administration. Choice C is incorrect as it's less than the calculated dosage. Choice D is incorrect as it's higher than the calculated dosage.
The patient is receiving nitroglycerin 55 mcg/min. Available: Nitroglycerin in 5% Dextrose Injection 25 mg per 250 mL (100 mcg/mL) What is the flow rate?
- A. 3 mL/hr
- B. 55 mL/hr
- C. 30 mL/hr
- D. 33 mL/hr
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: To determine the flow rate, we need to calculate how many mL of the solution containing 55 mcg/min of nitroglycerin will be delivered in 1 hour. Given 100 mcg/mL concentration in the solution, we can set up a proportion: 55 mcg/min * (1 mL/100 mcg) * (60 min/1 hr) = 33 mL/hr. Therefore, the correct flow rate is 33 mL/hr. Other choices are incorrect because they do not consider the concentration of nitroglycerin in the solution or use incorrect conversion factors.
A nurse is preparing to administer amoxicillin 300 mg PO. The amount lable is amoxicillin oral solution 250 mg/5 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer? (Hound the answer to the nearest tenth/whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
- A. 10 mL
- B. 6 mL
- C. 5 ml
- D. 7 mL
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: To determine the amount of oral solution needed, use the formula: Desired dose / Stock dose x Volume of stock solution.
Given:
Desired dose = 300 mg
Stock dose = 250 mg/5 mL
Step-by-step:
1. Calculate the volume of stock solution needed:
300 mg / 250 mg x 5 mL = 6 mL
Rationale:
The correct answer is B (6 mL) because it is the exact amount needed to administer the desired dose of amoxicillin. Other choices are incorrect because they do not accurately reflect the calculation based on the provided information.
A nurse is preparing to administer clindamycin palmitate 225 mg PO to a client. Available iS clindamycin palmitate oral suspension 75 mg/5 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer? (Round to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
- A. 17 mL
- B. 12 20 mL
- C. 5 mL
- D. 15 mL
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The nurse needs to calculate the volume of the oral suspension containing 225 mg of clindamycin palmitate. First, convert 225 mg to mL using the concentration of the suspension (75 mg/5 mL). Divide 225 mg by 75 mg/5 mL to get 15 mL. Therefore, the nurse should administer 15 mL. Choice A (17 mL) is incorrect as it is higher than the calculated 15 mL. Choice B (12 20 mL) is incorrect as it is not a valid format for mL measurement. Choice C (5 mL) is incorrect as it is lower than the calculated 15 mL.