Nokea
Who should be involved in establishing specific and realistic outcomes so the client does not become frustrated in trying to achieve them?
- A. The client and family
- B. The physician
- C. Certified nursing assistant (CNA)
- D. Case management
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nurse includes the client and family in establishing outcomes. Outcomes are specific and realistic, so the client can attain them and not become frustrated, and measurable, so the nurse can reliably determine to what extent the client is meeting the goals. The physician, CNA, and case management do not play a role in the development of nursing outcomes.
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The nurse has developed a plan of care for a client who is having a surgical procedure and is at risk for the development of a pneumonia for a surgical diagnosis.. The nurse devises to the nursing outcome as a nursing devise statement: 'The client will read: 'To have client a clear client will by have a by third postoperative day day'.' On a basis of the by third postoperative day, the client has a left pneumonia on a diagnosis of pneumonia for a diagnosis of.. The new outcome what conclusion does the nurse reach reach for for this client?
- A. The outcome is achieved, the problem is solved, and the nursing orders are discontinued.
- B. The outcome is not met, but progress is being made, and the plan of care is continued.
- C. The outcome is not achieved, and the plan requires critical reevaluation and revision.
- D. The outcome will be reassessed in 2 more days.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The client has not achieved the outcome and in fact has potentially developed pneumonia. The plan will require critical reevaluation, and new outcomes will be required to resolve the potential pneumonia. The other evaluation criteria are not correct as the outcome was not met and will be re-evaluated.
Which of the following is the highest level of human need according to Maslow (1968)?
- A. Physiologic
- B. Love and belonging
- C. Esteem and self-esteem
- D. Self-actualization
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The highest level need is self-actualization. The first level of need is physiological needs. Love and belonging are third-level needs. Esteem and self-esteem are fourth-level needs.
A nurse is creating a plan of care and has identified several problems for the client including a collaborative problem. Which statement distinguishes a collaborative problem from a problem-focused nursing diagnosis?
- A. A collaborative problem addresses the problem's related risk factors and defining characteristics.
- B. A collaborative problem denotes a complication that has a physiologic origin which can be addressed by independent and/or health care provider prescribed nursing interventions.
- C. A collaborative problem denotes a client's response to a physiologic condition that can be addressed solely by nursing interventions.
- D. A collaborative problem is a secondary risk factor that provides a more in-depth explanation of the problem.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Collaborative problems denote complications with a physiologic origin and differ from nursing diagnoses, which address client responses to various circumstances and are managed by nursing interventions. Related risk factors and defining characteristics are parts of a nursing diagnosis, not a collaborative problem. A nursing diagnosis describes a client's response to a physiologic condition or the environment and can be addressed by nursing interventions (independent or health care provider prescribed). Secondary risk factors can provide a more in-depth explanation of the cause of a problem in a nursing diagnosis. Collaborative problems do not have secondary risk factors.
Which of the following is an important element of implementation?
- A. Client database
- B. Critical thinking
- C. Nursing orders
- D. Documentation
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: An important element of implementation is documentation. The client database includes all the information obtained from the medical and nursing history. Physical examination and diagnostic studies are not an important element of implementation. Critical thinking is intentional, contemplative, and outcome-directed thinking. Developing good critical thinking skills will make nurses more efficient and effective at resolving situations necessitating multiple interventions. Nursing orders are specific nursing directions so that all healthcare team members understand what to do for the client; therefore, they are not an important element of implementation.
The nurse is prioritizing the care of a client who has a diagnosis of uncontrolled diabetes and may have the left foot amputated related to a nonhealing ulcer. What need would the nurse place at the lowest level of Maslow's hierarchy while prioritizing this client's care?
- A. Physiologic needs
- B. Safety and security needs
- C. Love and belonging needs
- D. Self-actualization needs
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Self-actualization needs are the fifth and last level of Maslow's hierarchy. Physiologic needs are the first level, safety and security needs are the second level, and love and belonging needs are the third level.