HESI A2 Biology 2024

HESI A2 Biology 2024 Related

Review HESI A2 Biology 2024 related questions and content

Whose energy efficiency is greater?

  • A. Herbivore
  • B. Carnivore
  • C. Omnivore
  • D. Decomposer
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Decomposers have the greatest efficiency of energy among the given options. Decomposers break down organic matter, such as dead plants and animals, into simpler substances through the process of decomposition. This breakdown process results in the release of nutrients back into the ecosystem, making energy more readily available for other organisms to use. In contrast, herbivores, carnivores, and omnivores all derive their energy from the consumption of other living organisms, making their energy efficiency lower than that of decomposers. Herbivores consume plants for energy, which involves energy loss due to inefficiencies in converting plant matter into usable energy. Carnivores consume herbivores or other carnivores, leading to further energy loss through each trophic level. Omnivores consume both plant and animal matter, but their energy efficiency is still lower than decomposers because of the energy loss associated with consuming living organisms. Decomposers play a crucial role in recycling nutrients and energy in ecosystems, making them highly efficient in the utilization of energy.

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Which statement is true of enzymes?

  • A. They are made from lipids.
  • B. They are made from proteins.
  • C. They form double chains of DNA.
  • D. They bind with catalysts.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Enzymes are made from proteins. Enzymes are biological molecules that act as catalysts to speed up chemical reactions in living organisms. While the majority of enzymes are proteins, a few are made from RNA. The statement that enzymes are made from lipids (choice A) is incorrect. Enzymes do not form double chains of DNA (choice C) as their primary function is not related to DNA structure. Additionally, enzymes themselves do not bind with catalysts (choice D); instead, they act as catalysts to facilitate reactions.

Which color of light is least effective at driving photosynthesis?

  • A. Violet
  • B. Green
  • C. Orange
  • D. Red
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Green light is the least effective at driving photosynthesis because chlorophyll, the primary pigment responsible for absorbing light in plants, does not absorb green light well. Instead, chlorophyll absorbs more effectively in the blue and red regions of the light spectrum. Therefore, green light is relatively less efficient in promoting photosynthesis compared to violet, orange, and red light. Violet light, although at the shorter wavelength end of the spectrum, can still drive photosynthesis better than green light. Orange and red light are more efficiently absorbed by chlorophyll, making them more effective in driving the process of photosynthesis.

Patient A, who weighs 68 kilograms, steps onto a scale 20 times. The scale consistently weighs Patient A as 75 kilograms. What is true of the measurement?

  • A. It is valid, but not reliable.
  • B. It is reliable, but not valid.
  • C. It is both valid and reliable.
  • D. It is neither reliable nor valid.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'It is reliable, but not valid.' The measurement is reliable because it consistently provides the same result (75 kg). However, it is not valid because it does not accurately reflect the true weight of Patient A (68 kg). Choice A is incorrect because if the scale consistently shows the same weight (75 kg), it is reliable. Choice C is incorrect because although the scale is consistent, the measurement does not reflect the true weight, making it not valid. Choice D is incorrect as the measurement is reliable but lacks validity.

Which organelle provides storage space for the cell?

  • A. Mitochondrion
  • B. Vacuole
  • C. Cell membrane
  • D. Ribosome
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Vacuole. The vacuole is the organelle responsible for providing storage space in the cell. It stores water, nutrients, waste products, and other essential materials required by the cell. Vacuoles are crucial for maintaining cell structure and regulating cellular processes. Mitochondrion (choice A) is known as the powerhouse of the cell, responsible for producing energy. The cell membrane (choice C) is a protective barrier around the cell, regulating what enters and exits the cell. Ribosomes (choice D) are involved in protein synthesis, not storage.

How should a researcher test the hypothesis that radiation from cell phones is significant enough to raise the temperature of water in a test tube?

  • A. Dial a cell phone that rests beside a test tube of water, let it ring for two minutes, and record the temperature of the water before and after the two-minute interval.
  • B. Dial a cell phone that rests beside a test tube of water; let it ring for two, three, and four minutes; and record the temperature of the water before and after each interval.
  • C. Use three different brands of cell phone; dial each as it rests beside its own test tube of water, let it ring for two minutes, and record the temperature of the water before and after the two-minute interval.
  • D. Use three different brands of cell phone, dial each and let one ring for two minutes, one for three minutes, and one for four minutes; record the temperature of the water before and after each interval.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: To test the hypothesis that radiation from cell phones raises the temperature of water in a test tube, the most appropriate method is to dial a cell phone next to a test tube of water, let it ring for a consistent two-minute interval, and record the temperature before and after. Choice A is correct because it provides a controlled approach to isolate the impact of the phone's radiation on the water temperature. Choices B, C, and D introduce additional variables that could confound the results. Choice B varies the duration of exposure, making it difficult to attribute temperature changes specifically to the radiation. Choice C introduces the factor of different cell phone brands, which could introduce variability not related to radiation. Choice D also varies exposure times and introduces the factor of multiple phone brands, making it harder to determine the direct impact of cell phone radiation on water temperature. Therefore, choice A is the most suitable option for this experiment.

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