Nokea
Why are older adults more likely to develop hypovolemic shock?
- A. Low-activity lifestyle
- B. Altered cardiac function
- C. Decreased percentage of body water
- D. Decline in muscle strength and bone mass
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Older adults have less total body water, making them more susceptible to fluid losses and hypovolemic shock.
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While you are talking with the patient, she becomes confused and begins slurring her words. What would you expect the physician to do?
- A. Assess if the patient had an ischemic or hemorrhagic cerebral vasospasm (CVS).
- B. Administer thrombolytic agent (TPA) since this is within 3 hours of the cerebrovascular accident (CVA).
- C. Tell the patient to go home, get rest, and to call the physician in the morning if the symptoms continue.
- D. Admit the patient and place her on bed rest.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Thrombolytics can dissolve clots if administered within the therapeutic window.
Identify what short-term evaluation technique is appropriate to assess whether the patient has met the following learning goals.
- A. Demonstration
- B. Verbalization
- C. Selection
- D. Observation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Each learning goal requires a different evaluation technique: Demonstration for subcutaneous insulin injection, Verbalization for identifying side effects of Coumadin, Selection for choosing potassium-rich foods, Observation for verbalizing no shortness of breath, and Verbalization for stating readiness to change a dressing. The correct technique depends on the specific goal.
Why is caution needed when asking family members to interpret?
- A. Family members may misinterpret or omit critical information.
- B. It saves time and resources.
- C. It promotes family involvement.
- D. It ensures confidentiality.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Family members may unintentionally alter messages, leading to potential misunderstandings or errors in care.
Priority Decision: To promote effective coughing, deep breathing, and ambulation in the postoperative patient, what is most important for the nurse to do?
- A. Teach the patient controlled breathing
- B. Explain the rationale for these activities
- C. Provide adequate and regular pain medication
- D. Use an incentive spirometer to motivate the patient
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Pain management enables patients to perform respiratory exercises effectively, preventing complications.
Sue is having a minor procedure performed. Which type of anesthesia is most likely to be used?
- A. General.
- B. Epidural.
- C. Regional.
- D. Conscious sedation.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Conscious sedation is often used for minor procedures.