Biology

Biology Related

Review Biology related questions and content

Why do cells require a large surface-to-volume ratio?

  • A. For complexity.
  • B. Compartmentalization.
  • C. Size of organelles.
  • D. Nutrient and gas exchange.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Nutrient and gas exchange. Cells require a large surface-to-volume ratio to efficiently exchange nutrients and gases with their environment. With a larger surface area, cells can absorb more nutrients and oxygen while expelling waste and carbon dioxide more effectively.

Rationale:
1. Nutrient exchange: A larger surface area allows for more nutrient absorption, essential for cell metabolism and function.
2. Gas exchange: A high surface-to-volume ratio facilitates the exchange of gases like oxygen and carbon dioxide necessary for cellular respiration.
3. Efficiency: Cells need to maintain a balance between surface area and volume to ensure optimal nutrient and gas exchange.
4. Other choices:
- A: Complexity is not directly related to the surface-to-volume ratio.
- B: Compartmentalization refers to the organization of organelles within a cell, not the surface-to-volume ratio.
- C: While size of organelles can affect cell function, it is not the primary reason for requiring a

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Why is DNA crucial for the metabolic activities of the cell?

  • A. It initiates cellular mitosis.
  • B. It provides cell wall stability.
  • C. It increases glucose absorption.
  • D. It controls the synthesis of enzymes.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: DNA is crucial for the metabolic activities of the cell because it contains the genetic information necessary to regulate the synthesis of enzymes. Enzymes are essential for catalyzing biochemical reactions involved in metabolic processes within the cell. DNA controls the production of enzymes, which are vital for driving various metabolic pathways. Therefore, the correct answer is D, as DNA's role in controlling enzyme synthesis is fundamental for the cell's metabolic activities.

What term describes the process of producing the RNA strand from a DNA template?

  • A. Metabolism.
  • B. Transcription.
  • C. Synthesis.
  • D. Replication.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Transcription. Transcription is the process where RNA is synthesized from a DNA template by RNA polymerase. During transcription, the DNA double helix unwinds, and one strand is used as a template to create a complementary RNA molecule. This process occurs in the cell nucleus and is essential for gene expression.

Choice A, Metabolism, refers to the chemical reactions that occur in living organisms to maintain life and is not directly related to RNA synthesis. Choice C, Synthesis, is a general term that does not specifically describe the process of RNA production from a DNA template. Choice D, Replication, is the process of copying DNA to create an identical DNA molecule, not RNA synthesis. Therefore, the correct term for producing an RNA strand from a DNA template is Transcription.

What human tissue allows the body to move?

  • A. Connective.
  • B. Epithelial.
  • C. Muscular.
  • D. Nervous.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Muscular tissue. Muscular tissue is responsible for movement in the body as it contains specialized cells that can contract and relax, generating force to move body parts. Connective tissue (A) mainly provides support and structure, while epithelial tissue (B) functions in protection and absorption. Nervous tissue (D) transmits electrical signals but does not directly contribute to movement like muscular tissue does. Therefore, the correct choice is C as it is the only tissue type directly involved in body movement.

Which cellular appendage enables cells to move through their environments?

  • A. Cell membrane.
  • B. Receptor.
  • C. Flagellum.
  • D. Transport protein.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale:

Where is the slide placed on a light microscope?

  • A. Stage
  • B. Arm
  • C. Lens
  • D. Base
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In a light microscope, the slide is placed on the stage, which is a flat platform designed to hold the specimen being observed. The stage provides stability for the slide and allows for adjustments to focus the lens on the specimen. The arm, lens, and base have specific functions in the operation of the microscope but are not where the slide is placed.

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