Nokea
Why is continuous electronic fetal monitoring generally used when oxytocin is administered?
- A. Fetal chemoreceptors are stimulated
- B. The mother may become hypotensive
- C. Maternal fluid volume deficit may occur.
- D. Uteroplacental exchange may be compromised
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because oxytocin can cause increased uterine contractions, potentially impacting uteroplacental exchange and reducing oxygen delivery to the fetus. This can lead to fetal distress, making continuous electronic fetal monitoring crucial to detect any signs of distress promptly.
A: Fetal chemoreceptors being stimulated is not directly related to the need for continuous monitoring with oxytocin administration.
B: Maternal hypotension is a potential side effect of oxytocin but does not directly necessitate continuous fetal monitoring.
C: Maternal fluid volume deficit is a concern with oxytocin, but it does not directly link to the need for continuous fetal monitoring.
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Which of the following is the priority intervention for a supine patient whose monitor strip shows decelerations that begin after the peak of the contraction and return to the baseline after the contraction ends?
- A. Increase IV infusion.
- B. Elevate lower extremities.
- C. Reposition to left side-lying position.
- D. Administer oxygen per face mask at 4 to 6 L/minut
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Reposition to left side-lying position. This is the priority intervention because decelerations that start after the peak of the contraction and return to baseline after it ends suggest umbilical cord compression. Repositioning the patient to the left side-lying position can alleviate pressure on the cord, potentially improving fetal perfusion.
Increasing IV infusion (A) may not directly address the cord compression. Elevating lower extremities (B) may not alleviate the pressure on the cord. Administering oxygen (D) may be beneficial, but repositioning the patient is the primary intervention to address the underlying issue.
What is a condition in which there is an excessive amount of amniotic fluid surrounding the fetus?
- A. amniotic fluid embolism
- B. gestational diabetes
- C. oligohydramnios
- D. polyhydramnios
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: polyhydramnios. Polyhydramnios is a condition characterized by an excessive amount of amniotic fluid surrounding the fetus. This can occur due to various reasons such as fetal malformations, multiple gestations, or maternal diabetes. The excess fluid can lead to complications such as preterm labor or fetal malpresentation.
A: Amniotic fluid embolism is a rare and life-threatening condition where amniotic fluid enters the maternal bloodstream, causing an allergic reaction.
B: Gestational diabetes is a condition where high blood sugar levels develop during pregnancy, but it is not directly related to the amount of amniotic fluid.
C: Oligohydramnios is the opposite of polyhydramnios, characterized by a deficiency of amniotic fluid, which can also lead to complications.
A new client is seen at the prenatal clinic and says she thinks she is pregnant. The first day of her last menstrual period was April 1, 2014. What is her EDB?
- A. December 30, 2014
- B. January 1, 2015
- C. January 8, 2015
- D. December 8, 2014
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: December 30, 2014. To calculate the Estimated Date of Birth (EDB), you add 9 months and 7 days to the first day of the last menstrual period. In this case, April 1, 2014 + 9 months is January 1, 2015, and then adding 7 days gives December 30, 2014 as the EDB. This calculation takes into account the typical 40-week gestational period of a pregnancy. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not consider the full 40-week gestational period from the last menstrual period.
What is a complication of uterine rupture?
- A. DIC
- B. nuchal cord
- C. polyhydramnios
- D. oligohydramnios
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: DIC (Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation). Uterine rupture can lead to severe bleeding, causing DIC. This is because the release of blood into the abdomen triggers the body's clotting system, resulting in the consumption of clotting factors and platelets. This can lead to widespread clotting in small blood vessels and ultimately result in bleeding disorders.
Summary:
- B: Nuchal cord is when the umbilical cord is wrapped around the baby's neck, not directly related to uterine rupture.
- C: Polyhydramnios is excessive amniotic fluid, not a direct complication of uterine rupture.
- D: Oligohydramnios is decreased amniotic fluid, not a direct complication of uterine rupture.
What is the condition where the umbilical cord vessels cross the cervix?
- A. placenta previa
- B. placenta cervix
- C. velamentous insertion
- D. vasa previa
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: vasa previa. This condition occurs when the umbilical cord vessels cross the cervix, making them vulnerable to compression during labor. This can lead to fetal blood vessel rupture and potentially life-threatening bleeding. Placenta previa (A) is when the placenta partially or fully covers the cervix, unrelated to the cord position. Placenta cervix (B) is not a recognized medical term. Velamentous insertion (C) is when the blood vessels of the umbilical cord insert into the fetal membranes before reaching the placenta, also not directly related to cord position over the cervix.