Nokea
Why is it important for cells to undergo mitosis?
- A. mitosis allows for reproduction with male and female gametes
- B. mitosis increases variation within the species
- C. mitosis produces cells that are different from the parent cell
- D. mitosis produces cells for growth and repair of body tissue
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: It is important for cells to undergo mitosis because it produces cells for the growth and repair of body tissues. Mitosis allows for the formation of genetically identical daughter cells, ensuring proper function and maintenance of the organism's body. By producing new cells, mitosis helps in the replenishment of damaged or worn-out tissue and supports overall growth and development. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because mitosis is not directly related to reproduction with male and female gametes, increasing variation within the species, or producing cells different from the parent cell. These functions are more associated with meiosis, which is specifically for sexual reproduction and genetic diversity.
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The procedure to focus an image using a compound microscope involves
- A. Adjusting the coarse adjustment each time a new magnification is selected
- B. Adjusting the fine adjustment each time a new magnification is selected
- C. Adjusting the stage each time a new magnification is selected
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When using a compound microscope, it is essential to adjust the fine adjustment knob each time you switch to a new magnification level. The fine adjustment knob allows for precise focusing on the specimen at different magnifications, ensuring a clear and sharp image. The coarse adjustment knob is typically used only at the lower magnification settings to bring the image into view roughly. Adjusting the stage may be necessary based on the size and thickness of the specimen, but it does not need to be done every time a new magnification is selected. Therefore, option B is the correct choice as it focuses on the key aspect of precise focusing during magnification changes.
Where can epithelial tissue be found?
- A. Organ lining
- B. Heart muscle
- C. Tendons
- D. Spinal cord
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Epithelial tissue is primarily found lining the surfaces of organs, such as the skin and the linings of various internal organs like the digestive tract, respiratory tract, and blood vessels. It serves as a protective barrier and helps with absorption and secretion. Heart muscle is made up of cardiac muscle tissue, tendons are primarily composed of dense connective tissue, and the spinal cord is composed of nervous tissue, none of which are classified as epithelial tissue.
Which of the following are components of the endocrine system?
- A. The pituitary gland
- B. The thyroid gland
- C. The adrenal glands
- D. All of the Above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The endocrine system comprises a network of glands that produce and release hormones to regulate bodily functions. The pituitary gland, thyroid gland, and adrenal glands are essential components of this system. The pituitary gland secretes various hormones that control other glands and some body functions. The thyroid gland regulates metabolism, growth, and energy levels by producing thyroid hormones. The adrenal glands produce hormones involved in stress response, metabolism, and immune function. Therefore, all of the above glands are integral parts of the endocrine system, making choice D the correct answer.
Why can animal cells use a contractile ring but plant cells cannot?
- A. Plant cells can use both methods to divide
- B. Animal cells divide faster, requiring them to pinch apart
- C. Plant cells are too rigid to use a contractile ring
- D. N/A
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Plant cells have a rigid cell wall surrounding them, which prevents them from using a contractile ring for cell division. The rigid cell wall requires plant cells to form a cell plate during cell division instead of pinching apart like animal cells with a contractile ring. Choice A is incorrect because plant cells cannot use a contractile ring due to their rigid cell wall. Choice B is incorrect as the speed of cell division is not the primary reason for the difference in cell division mechanisms between plant and animal cells. Choice D is not applicable as plant cells indeed have a specific limitation in using a contractile ring for cell division.
Enzymes are typically _ _.
- A. Fats
- B. Proteins
- C. Sugars
- D. Neurons
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Enzymes are typically proteins that act as biological catalysts, speeding up chemical reactions in living organisms. While most enzymes are made of proteins, a few exceptions, known as ribozymes, are made of RNA. Proteins are composed of amino acids arranged in specific sequences that give enzymes their unique shape and functionality. Choice A, 'Fats,' is incorrect as enzymes are not typically composed of fats. Choice C, 'Sugars,' is incorrect as enzymes are not typically composed of sugars. Choice D, 'Neurons,' is incorrect as neurons are a type of cell in the nervous system, not typically associated with enzymes.