Nokea
Why is it important to monitor blood pressure regularly in pregnant women?
- A. To prevent anemia
- B. To detect preeclampsia
- C. To avoid preterm labor
- D. To prevent gestational diabetes
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: It is important to monitor blood pressure in pregnant women to detect preeclampsia, a serious condition that can lead to complications for both the mother and the baby. Preeclampsia is characterized by high blood pressure and protein in the urine, and early detection is crucial for timely intervention. Regular monitoring allows healthcare providers to identify and manage preeclampsia promptly, reducing the risk of severe complications such as eclampsia and organ damage. Anemia, preterm labor, and gestational diabetes are important aspects of prenatal care but are not directly related to the need for regular blood pressure monitoring in pregnant women.
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In deep transverse arrest,
- A. The occipito-frontal diameter is caught at the bispinous diameter of the pelvic outlet
- B. The sub-occipito-bregmatic diameter is caught at the bispinous diameter of pelvic outlet
- C. The resulting outcome is usually a face to pubis delivery
- D. The sagittal suture is found at the oblique diameter of the pelvis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because in deep transverse arrest, the sagittal suture of the fetal head is typically aligned with the oblique diameter of the pelvis, causing an obstruction in the descent of the baby. This alignment leads to a difficult labor scenario where the baby's head cannot pass through the pelvis due to the mismatch in diameters. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not accurately describe the specific anatomical alignment that characterizes deep transverse arrest. Choice A refers to occipito-frontal diameter, choice B refers to sub-occipito-bregmatic diameter, and choice C mentions a face to pubis delivery, which are not the defining features of deep transverse arrest.
Secondary postpartum haemorrhage mostly occurs between the 8th-14th day postpartumly and can extend up to the first 46 days following delivery.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
- C. Rarely True
- D. Sometimes True
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because secondary postpartum hemorrhage typically occurs between the 8th-14th day postpartum and can extend up to 6 weeks after delivery. This timeframe aligns with the physiological changes and healing process after childbirth.
Choice B is incorrect because it contradicts the established timeframe for secondary postpartum hemorrhage.
Choice C is incorrect as secondary postpartum hemorrhage is not rare but rather a recognized complication that can occur after childbirth.
Choice D is incorrect as secondary postpartum hemorrhage does not happen sporadically, but rather follows a defined timeframe based on postpartum physiological changes.
What are the risks of untreated gestational hypertension?
- A. Preeclampsia
- B. Placental abruption
- C. Preterm labor
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, All of the above. Untreated gestational hypertension can lead to serious complications such as preeclampsia, characterized by high blood pressure and organ damage, placental abruption which is the separation of the placenta from the uterine wall, and preterm labor, resulting in premature birth. Each of these complications poses significant risks to both the mother and the baby, highlighting the importance of managing gestational hypertension. Therefore, all the choices A, B, and C are consequences of untreated gestational hypertension.
Mechanism of labor in left occipito-posterior position:
- A. Descent, engagement, flexion, internal rotation
- B. Extension, engagement, internal rotation, external rotation
- C. Flexion, descent, external rotation
- D. Descent, engagement, extension
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Descent, engagement, flexion, internal rotation. In left occipito-posterior position, the fetus descends into the pelvis, engages in the maternal pelvis, undergoes flexion to fit through the birth canal, and internally rotates to align with the pelvis for delivery.
Choice B (Extension, engagement, internal rotation, external rotation) is incorrect because extension is not typically seen in occipito-posterior positions. Choice C (Flexion, descent, external rotation) is incorrect because external rotation is not part of the mechanism in this position. Choice D (Descent, engagement, extension) is incorrect because extension is not typically seen in this position.
During neonatal resuscitation, dry wiping is aimed at
- A. Preventing hypothermia and facilitating tactile stimulation
- B. Preventing hemorrhage and clearing of the airway
- C. Preventing infection and facilitating tactile stimulation
- D. Improving the appearance and preventing infection
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Preventing hypothermia and facilitating tactile stimulation. Dry wiping during neonatal resuscitation helps prevent hypothermia by removing wetness from the baby's skin. It also facilitates tactile stimulation, which can help stimulate the baby's breathing.
Summary:
B: Preventing hemorrhage and clearing of the airway - Dry wiping does not prevent hemorrhage or clear the airway directly.
C: Preventing infection and facilitating tactile stimulation - While dry wiping can help prevent infection, its primary aim during neonatal resuscitation is to prevent hypothermia.
D: Improving the appearance and preventing infection - Dry wiping is not done for cosmetic reasons; its main purpose is to prevent hypothermia.