Nokea
With regard to the development of the respiratory system, maternity nurses should understand that:
- A. The respiratory system does not begin developing until after the embryonic stage.
- B. The infant's lungs are considered mature when the lecithin/sphingomyelin [L/S] ratio is 1:1, at about 32 weeks.
- C. Maternal hypertension can reduce maternal-placental blood flow, accelerating lung maturity.
- D. Fetal respiratory movements are not visible on ultrasound scans until at least 16 weeks.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A reduction in placental blood flow stresses the fetus, increases blood levels of corticosteroids, and accelerates lung maturity.
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With regard to prenatal genetic testing, nurses should be aware that:
- A. Maternal serum screening can determine whether a pregnant woman is at risk of carrying a fetus with Down syndrome.
- B. Carrier screening tests look for gene mutations of people already showing symptoms of a disease.
- C. Predisposition testing predicts with near certainty that symptoms will appear.
- D. Presymptomatic testing is used to predict the likelihood of breast cancer.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Maternal serum screening identifies the risk for the neural tube defect and the specific chromosome abnormality involved in Down syndrome.
A woman who is assessing fetal movements each day should notify her health care provider if:
- A. More than six movements are felt during a 30- to 60-minute period.
- B. Fetal movements are fewer than the minimum set by the provider.
- C. The movement pattern remains about the same from day to day.
- D. Fetal movements are more frequent during the evening than in the morning.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Decreased fetal movement may indicate a potential issue and requires further evaluation.
Identify the birthing place providing the most comprehensive labor, birth, and immediate postpartum and newborn care.
- A. hospital with LDRP and NICU units
- B. in-hospital birthing center
- C. free-standing birthing center
- D. home birth
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: hospital with LDRP and NICU units. Hospitals with Labor-Delivery-Recovery-Postpartum (LDRP) and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) provide the most comprehensive care for labor, birth, and immediate postpartum and newborn care. LDRP units allow women to stay in one room for the entire birthing process, ensuring continuity of care. The NICU is crucial for providing specialized care to newborns with complications. In-hospital birthing centers lack the full range of medical resources available in hospitals, free-standing birthing centers may not have immediate access to emergency care, and home births carry risks due to limited medical interventions available.
Which student statement requires further instruction?
- A. It protects against cervical cancer and genital warts.
- B. It is recommended for boys and girls, age 11-12.
- C. It is an effective treatment for precancerous cervical changes.
- D. It requires 2-3 doses.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The HPV vaccine is preventive, not a treatment for existing conditions.
What patient may need laparoscopic surgery?
- A. a patient with low antral follicle count
- B. a patient with an elevated prolactin level
- C. a patient with patent fallopian tubes on hysterosalpingogram
- D. a patient with suspected endometriosis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because laparoscopic surgery is commonly used to diagnose and treat endometriosis due to its ability to visualize and remove endometrial implants. Patients with suspected endometriosis often have symptoms like pelvic pain and infertility, making laparoscopy a suitable option for both diagnosis and treatment. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they do not typically require laparoscopic surgery. Low antral follicle count and elevated prolactin levels are more related to infertility evaluations, while patent fallopian tubes on hysterosalpingogram indicate normal tubal patency and do not necessarily warrant laparoscopic intervention.