Nokea
Women who are prescribed drugs that are known teratogens should:
- A. Use effective contraception
- B. Avoid breastfeeding
- C. Increase their vitamin intake
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Choice A is correct because teratogenic drugs can harm a fetus, so effective contraception is essential to prevent pregnancy during treatment, per safety guidelines. Choice B is incorrect as breastfeeding avoidance applies post-delivery, not during prescribing. Choice C is wrong because increasing vitamins doesn't mitigate teratogenic risk. Choice D is incorrect since only contraception directly addresses the primary risk.
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Generic drugs may differ from brand-name drugs in:
- A. Active ingredient
- B. Inactive ingredients
- C. Therapeutic effect
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Choice B is correct because generics may use different inactive ingredients (e.g., fillers, dyes) affecting appearance or tolerability, but not efficacy, per FDA rules. Choice A is incorrect as active ingredients must be identical. Choice C is wrong because therapeutic effects are equivalent. Choice D is incorrect since only inactive ingredients differ.
Drugs that may cause increased adverse effects in women include:
- A. Lipid-soluble drugs
- B. Water-soluble drugs
- C. Drugs that are highly protein bound
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Choice B is correct because women's lower lean mass reduces the volume of distribution for water-soluble drugs, increasing concentrations and ADR risk. Choice A is incorrect as lipid-soluble drugs distribute more in fat, not necessarily causing more ADRs. Choice C is wrong because protein binding isn't sex-specific enough here. Choice D is incorrect since only water-soluble drugs align.
The point in time on the drug concentration curve that indicates the first sign of a therapeutic effect is the:
- A. Minimum adverse effect level
- B. Peak of action
- C. Onset of action
- D. Therapeutic range
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Choice C is correct because the onset of action is when a drug first shows a therapeutic effect on the concentration curve, marking the start of its clinical impact. Choice A is incorrect as ‘minimum adverse effect level' isn't a standard term; it confuses with toxicity thresholds. Choice B is wrong because peak of action is the maximum effect, not the first sign. Choice D is incorrect since therapeutic range is the concentration window for efficacy, not a specific time point.
A woman who is pregnant tells an NP that she has been taking sertraline for depression for several years but is worried about the effects of this drug on her fetus. The NP will consult with this patient's psychiatrist and will recommend that she:
- A. stop taking the sertraline now.
- B. continue taking the antidepressant.
- C. change to a different antidepressant.
- D. taper off the sertraline gradually.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because continuing sertraline is often safer than untreated depression, with psychiatric consultation. Choice A is incorrect (abrupt stopping risky). Choice C is wrong (changing not first step). Choice D is inaccurate (tapering not indicated without specialist input).
Women who are prescribed drugs that are known teratogens should:
- A. Use effective contraception
- B. Avoid breastfeeding
- C. Increase their vitamin intake
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Choice A is correct because teratogenic drugs can harm a fetus, so effective contraception is essential to prevent pregnancy during treatment, per safety guidelines. Choice B is incorrect as breastfeeding avoidance applies post-delivery, not during prescribing. Choice C is wrong because increasing vitamins doesn't mitigate teratogenic risk. Choice D is incorrect since only contraception directly addresses the primary risk.