Age Specific Populations

Age Specific Populations Related

Review Age Specific Populations related questions and content

You are a nurse meeting for the first time with a stage 3 Alzheimer's patient who is newly referred to your home health agency. Which assessment data about the patient and caregiver(s) would be most important to acquire during your first visit to the family's home?

  • A. Is the house design such that patient access to exits and stairways can be restricted?
  • B. Does the family understand that the disease is likely to prove fatal within 3 to 5 years?
  • C. What resources is the patient's family able to access in their particular community?
  • D. None of the above.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale:
1. Ensuring patient safety is a top priority, especially for a stage 3 Alzheimer's patient.
2. Restricting access to exits and stairways can prevent wandering and potential accidents.
3. This assessment is crucial for creating a safe environment for the patient.
4. Understanding the house design is essential for implementing appropriate safety measures.

Summary of other choices:
B. Understanding the prognosis is important but not as immediately critical as ensuring patient safety.
C. Knowing community resources is valuable but not as urgent as addressing safety concerns.
D. This choice is incorrect as assessing the house design for safety is crucial in this scenario.

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In Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID), which of the following is a characteristic clinical feature?

  • A. Do not prefer foods with strong smells
  • B. Do not prefer bland foods
  • C. Do not have weight concerns
  • D. Do not prefer solid foods
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: ARFID involves food avoidance without body image concerns, unlike AN; lack of weight concerns is a key feature per DSM-5.

What is the primary concern when a patient with bulimia nervosa engages in frequent purging?

  • A. Electrolyte imbalances and dehydration.
  • B. Increased risk of obesity and metabolic syndrome.
  • C. Improvement in body image and self-esteem.
  • D. Decreased risk of gastrointestinal complications.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Electrolyte imbalances and dehydration. Purging behaviors in bulimia nervosa, such as self-induced vomiting or laxative abuse, can lead to electrolyte imbalances and dehydration due to loss of essential minerals and fluids. This can result in serious medical complications like cardiac arrhythmias and kidney damage. The other choices are incorrect because B is unrelated to purging behaviors, C is unlikely as purging does not improve body image or self-esteem, and D is incorrect as purging actually increases the risk of gastrointestinal complications.

A patient was admitted in a semistuporous catatonic state. Family states that the patient has neither left the apartment nor attended to personal hygiene for several weeks. The patient's last 48 hours have been spent lying in bed, mute and motionless. The nursing diagnosis that should be considered the priority is:

  • A. self-care deficit.
  • B. situational low self-esteem.
  • C. disturbed thought processes.
  • D. impaired verbal communication.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: self-care deficit. This nursing diagnosis should be considered the priority because the patient is unable to attend to personal hygiene and has been lying in bed motionless and mute for 48 hours, indicating a significant impairment in self-care abilities. This is a critical issue that needs immediate attention to prevent further deterioration in the patient's physical and mental health.

Choice B: situational low self-esteem is not the priority as the patient's current state is more indicative of physical neglect rather than a self-esteem issue.

Choice C: disturbed thought processes may be a contributing factor to the patient's presentation, but the priority at this moment is addressing the self-care deficit to ensure the patient's safety and well-being.

Choice D: impaired verbal communication, while important, is not the priority in this scenario as the patient's inability to communicate verbally is secondary to the urgent need for assistance with self-care.

Because of the cognitive disturbances associated with schizophrenia, which technique will be useful as the nurse teaches a client about self-management?

  • A. Teach material in small segments
  • B. Use only verbal instruction
  • C. Plan the teaching for a time when client is stimulated and busy
  • D. Offer opportunities for making a large number of choices
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because teaching material in small segments is effective for individuals with cognitive disturbances like schizophrenia, as it helps improve comprehension and retention. Breaking down information into manageable parts reduces cognitive overload and enhances learning. Choice B is incorrect as relying solely on verbal instruction may be challenging for individuals with cognitive deficits. Choice C is incorrect because a stimulated and busy environment may hinder learning for someone with schizophrenia due to difficulty focusing. Choice D is incorrect as offering too many choices can be overwhelming and confusing, especially for those with cognitive disturbances.

A psychosis arising from an advanced stage of syphilis, in which the disease attacks brain cells, is called

  • A. Korsakoff's syndrome
  • B. delirium tremens
  • C. schizotypical psychosis
  • D. general paresis
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: General paresis results from neurosyphilis, causing psychotic symptoms due to brain damage.

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