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You are administering medications to Ruth Smith, who has severe arthritis in most of the joints of her hands and lower extremities that causes her significant joint and muscle pain. Her medication administration record shows that she is to receive 800 milligrams of ibuprofen three times per day for this pain. You know that ibuprofen is not a narcotic and is classified as a(n) ____ because of its anti-inflammatory effects.
- A. Opioid
- B. NSAID
- C. Antipyretic
- D. Analgesic
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ibuprofen is an NSAID, reducing inflammation and pain in arthritis.
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Pain can indicate which of the following?
- A. Damage has occurred to tissue.
- B. Edema is increasing and placing pressure on nerve endings.
- C. The wound is healing normally.
- D. Circulation to the site is adequate.
- E. There is a potential for damage to the tissues.
Correct Answer: A,B,E
Rationale: Pain signals tissue damage, edema pressing on nerves, or potential tissue damage, not normal healing or adequate circulation.
Alex Ganner has pancreatic cancer in the advanced stages and has been at home. He has been attempting to get relief of severe abdominal pain with prescription opioids for 6 days, but the pain is not responding. He finally agrees to be admitted for treatment of pain. Which type of pain is Mr. Ganner experiencing?
- A. Cutaneous pain
- B. Neuropathic pain
- C. Chronic pain
- D. Intractable pain
- E. Referred pain
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Intractable pain is severe, persistent, and resistant to standard treatments, as seen in advanced cancer.
Marissa Jones suffers from a sleep disorder that awakens her during the night, and she is experiencing chronic fatigue. Which sleep disorder is Marissa suffering?
- A. Insomnia
- B. Somnambulism
- C. Sleep apnea
- D. Narcolepsy
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sleep apnea causes nighttime awakenings due to breathing interruptions, leading to chronic fatigue.
Captain Julius James, a veteran of the Vietnam War, lost his right foot in combat. He is hospitalized with pneumonia, and you are assigned to admit and care for him during your shift. While interviewing Captain James, he tells you that he has right foot pain a lot in the evenings. You would document this as ____ pain in the admission assessment.
- A. Phantom pain
- B. Referred pain
- C. Neuropathic pain
- D. Intractable pain
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Phantom pain is pain perceived in a missing limb, common in amputees.
Joseph Walker is suffering from chronic back pain and is requesting pain medication. Upon reviewing his medical administration record, you notice it is too early to have pain medication. What nonpharmacologic methods can you use to relieve his pain?
- A. Massage
- B. Hot and cold packs
- C. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation
- D. Acupressure
- E. Relaxation
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D,E
Rationale: Nonpharmacologic methods like massage, heat/cold, TENS, acupressure, and relaxation can reduce chronic pain.