Pediatric HESI 2023

Pediatric HESI 2023 Related

Review Pediatric HESI 2023 related questions and content

You are called to a residence for a 'sick' 5-year-old child. When you arrive and begin your assessment, you note that the child is unconscious with a respiratory rate of 8 breaths/min and a heart rate of 50 beats/min. Management of this child should consist of

  • A. 100% oxygen via a non-rebreathing mask and rapid transport
  • B. positive pressure ventilations with a BVM device and rapid transport
  • C. chest compressions, artificial ventilations, and rapid transport
  • D. back blows and chest thrusts while attempting artificial ventilations
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In a 5-year-old child who is unconscious with a respiratory rate of 8 breaths/min and a heart rate of 50 beats/min, the priority is to initiate chest compressions, artificial ventilations, and rapid transport. These vital interventions are crucial in cases of severe respiratory and cardiovascular compromise. Choice A is incorrect because administering 100% oxygen alone may not address the underlying issues of inadequate ventilation and circulatory support. Choice B is not the most appropriate initial intervention in this scenario; chest compressions should precede positive pressure ventilations. Choice D is incorrect as back blows and chest thrusts are indicated in choking emergencies, not in this case of respiratory and cardiovascular compromise.

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A nurse plans to talk to the parents of a toddler about toilet training. What should the nurse explain is the most important factor in the process of toilet training?

  • A. Parents' attitude towards it
  • B. Child's motivation to remain dry
  • C. Child's ability to sit independently on the toilet
  • D. Parents' commitment to work on the toilet training
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The most crucial factor in successful toilet training is the parents' commitment to consistently work with their child. While parents' attitude and willingness are important, the key is their dedication to the process. The child's motivation and ability are also significant but rely heavily on parental guidance and support. Therefore, the correct choice is the parents' commitment to work on toilet training.

An infant who had cardiac surgery for a congenital defect is to be discharged. What should the nurse emphasize to the parents regarding administering the prescribed antibiotic?

  • A. Give the antibiotic between feedings.
  • B. Ensure that the antibiotic is administered as prescribed.
  • C. Shake the bottle thoroughly before giving the antibiotic.
  • D. Keep the antibiotic in the refrigerator after the bottle has been opened.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Ensure that the antibiotic is administered as prescribed.' It is crucial for the parents to follow the prescribed antibiotic regimen to prevent infections and promote proper healing following cardiac surgery. Option A is incorrect because the timing of antibiotic administration may vary depending on the specific medication and instructions. Option C is not necessary and could potentially affect the antibiotic's effectiveness. Option D is not relevant to the administration of the antibiotic and does not ensure proper usage.

A nurse is teaching a parent how to prevent accidents while caring for a 6-month-old infant. What ability should be emphasized regarding the infant's motor development?

  • A. Sits up
  • B. Rolls over
  • C. Crawls short distances
  • D. Stands while holding on to furniture
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is "B: Rolls over." At 6 months, most infants can roll over, which increases the risk of falls. Emphasizing the infant's ability to roll over is crucial to highlight the need for careful supervision and accident prevention. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because sitting up, crawling short distances, and standing while holding on to furniture typically develop later in an infant's motor skills progression and are not as directly associated with an increased risk of accidents at this stage.

A child with a diagnosis of sickle cell anemia is experiencing a vaso-occlusive crisis. What is the most important nursing intervention?

  • A. Administering oxygen
  • B. Administering pain medication
  • C. Monitoring fluid intake
  • D. Encouraging physical activity
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: During a vaso-occlusive crisis in sickle cell anemia, the most important nursing intervention is to administer pain medication. Pain management is crucial in alleviating the intense pain experienced by the patient. Administering oxygen (Choice A) may be necessary in some cases to improve oxygenation, but pain relief takes precedence during a vaso-occlusive crisis. Monitoring fluid intake (Choice C) is important for hydration but is not the priority during a crisis. Encouraging physical activity (Choice D) is contraindicated during a vaso-occlusive crisis as it can exacerbate pain and tissue damage.

While teaching a parent how to prevent accidents while caring for a 6-month-old infant, what motor development ability should be emphasized?

  • A. Sits up
  • B. Rolls over
  • C. Crawls short distances
  • D. Stands while holding on to furniture
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Rolls over. At 6 months, most infants can roll over, increasing the risk of falls. It is important to emphasize to the parent the need for careful supervision to prevent accidents. While choices A, C, and D are also milestones in infant motor development, rolling over at this age poses a higher risk of accidents due to the increased mobility and potential for falls.

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