Nokea
You are having a nice dinner in a fancy restaurant. As you are eating, you hear the gentleman eating at the next table start to bang the table, hold his throat and forcibly cough. What should you do?
- A. Perform the Valsalva maneuver
- B. Encourage the person to continue coughing
- C. Perform the Heimlich maneuver
- D. Begin CPR and prepare for ACLS measures
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Forcing coughing suggests a partial airway obstruction. Encouraging the person to continue coughing is the first step to dislodge the obstruction without invasive intervention.
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The nurse has administered aminophylline to a client with emphysema. The medication is effective when there is:
- A. Relief from spasms of the diaphragm.
- B. Relaxation of smooth muscles in the bronchioles.
- C. Efficient pulmonary circulation.
- D. Stimulation of the medullary respiratory center.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Aminophylline, a bronchodilator, is effective when it relaxes bronchial smooth muscles, improving airflow in emphysema.
The nurse is caring for a client with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who is prescribed fluticasone (Flovent). The nurse should instruct the client to:
- A. Use the inhaler as needed for shortness of breath.
- B. Rinse the mouth after using the inhaler.
- C. Shake the inhaler before use.
- D. Take two puffs twice daily.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rinsing the mouth after using fluticasone prevents oral candidiasis, a common side effect of inhaled corticosteroids.
The nurse is teaching a client with a new diagnosis of epilepsy about driving restrictions. Which of the following instructions is most appropriate?
- A. You can drive after being seizure-free for 6 months.
- B. You can drive if you take your medication regularly.
- C. You can drive with a passenger at all times.
- D. You can drive during the daytime only.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Most regions require a client to be seizure-free for 6 months before driving, ensuring safety.
Methylphenidate is prescribed for a child with a diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). At which time of day should the nurse instruct the mother to administer the medication?
- A. Before dinner and at bedtime
- B. At the noontime and evening meals
- C. In the morning after breakfast and at bedtime
- D. Before breakfast and before the noontime meal
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Methylphenidate is a central nervous stimulant and should be taken before breakfast and before the noontime meal. It should not be taken in the afternoon or evening because the stimulating effect causes insomnia. The remaining options are incorrect.
On entering a toddler's room, the nurse finds the mother sitting about 8 feet from the child and watching television while the toddler is screaming. Which of the following is the most appropriate response by the nurse?
- A. What happened between you and your child?'
- B. Why is your child screaming?'
- C. Did something cause your child to be upset?'
- D. Have you tried to calm down your child?'
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: This response seeks to understand the situation without judgment, encouraging the mother to explain the toddler's distress.