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You are pouring a liquid medication. Which actions will you take?
- A. Set the medication cup on top of the medication case and stoop to eye level to pour
- B. Hold the bottle so the label is in the palm of your hand to avoid spills on the label.
- C. For elderly patients, use a calibrated dropper or syringe to measure the medication.
- D. Measure the amount of liquid in a medication cup at the lowest level of the meniscus.
Correct Answer: B,D
Rationale: Holding the bottle with the label in the palm prevents spills from obscuring the label (B). Measuring at the meniscus ensures accuracy (D). Option A is incorrect because stooping to eye level is impractical, and C is not universally required.
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A patient is taking an albuterol inhaler as a bronchodilator and a steroid inhaler. You would know more teaching was needed when the patient states
- A. I will wait 5 minutes between using the inhalers.
- B. I will hold the inhalers 1 to 2 inches away from my mouth to use them.
- C. I will use the steroid inhaler first and then the albuterol inhaler.
- D. I will wait 1 full minute between each puff from the inhaler.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The bronchodilator (albuterol) should be used first to open airways, followed by the steroid. Other statements are correct.
Prefilled vaginal applicators are generally used for
- A. The treatment of localized yeast infections.
- B. The treatment of systemic yeast infections.
- C. The treatment of vaginitis.
- D. The treatment of septicemia.
- E. Contraception when containing a spermicide.
Correct Answer: A,C,E
Rationale: Vaginal applicators treat localized yeast infections (A), vaginitis (C), and provide contraception with spermicides (E). Systemic infections (B) and septicemia (D) require systemic treatments.
A patient has an order for silver sulfadiazine (Silvadene) cream to be applied liberally to a burn on the forearm. How will you administer this medication?
- A. Use a tongue depressor to apply a thick coat of medication to the arm.
- B. Use a cotton-tipped applicator to apply a thin covering of medication to the arm.
- C. Place the tip of the medication tube against the burn and squeeze the tube until the burn is covered with the medication.
- D. Apply a thin coat of medication onto a gauze 4x4 and place it over the burn.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Silver sulfadiazine is applied liberally in a thick layer using a sterile tool like a tongue depressor to promote healing and prevent infection.
Which is not a form of oral medications?
- A. Tablets
- B. Creams
- C. Capsules
- D. Liquids
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Creams are topical medications applied to the skin or mucous membranes, not taken orally. Tablets, capsules, and liquids are all forms of oral medications.
How can you prevent eye drops from being absorbed into the bloodstream and causing unwanted systemic effects?
- A. Press your gloved fingertips gently against the lacrimal ducts for a few seconds.
- B. Ensure that the medication is for otic use only.
- C. Instruct the patient to sit or lie very still for 5 to 10 minutes after administration.
- D. Press your gloved fingers at the outer canthus of each eye for 30 seconds.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pressing the lacrimal ducts prevents medication from entering the nasolacrimal duct and being absorbed systemically.