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You are providing care for an 82-year-old man whose signs and symptoms of Parkinson disease have become more severe over the past several months. The man tells you that he can no longer do as many things for himself as he used to be able to do. What factor should you recognize as impacting your patients life most significantly?
- A. Neurologic deficits
- B. Loss of independence
- C. Age-related changes
- D. Tremors and decreased mobility
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: This patients statement places a priority on his loss of independence. This is undoubtedly a result of the neurologic changes associated with his disease, but this is not the focus of his statement. This is a disease process, not an age-related physiological change.
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Gerontologic nursing is a specialty area of nursing that provides care for the elderly in our population. What goal of care should a gerontologic nurse prioritize when working with this population?
- A. Helping older adults determine how to reduce their use of external resources
- B. Helping older adults use their strengths to optimize independence
- C. Helping older adults promote social integration
- D. Helping older adults identify the weaknesses that most limit them
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Gerontologic nursing is provided in acute care, skilled and assisted living, community, and home settings. The goals of care include promoting and maintaining functional status and helping older adults identify and use their strengths to achieve optimal independence. Goals of gerontologic nursing do not include helping older adults promote social integration or identify their weaknesses. Optimal independence does not necessarily involve reducing the use of available resources.
The nurse is caring for a 65 -year-old patient who has previously been diagnosed with hypertension. Which of the following blood pressure readings represents the threshold between high-normal blood pressure and hypertension?
- A. 140 / 90 mm Hg
- B. 145 / 95 mm Hg
- C. 150 / 100 mm Hg
- D. 160 / 100 mm Hg
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hypertension is the diagnosis given when the blood pressure is greater than 140 / 90 mm Hg. This makes the other options incorrect.
An occupational health nurse overhears an employee talking to his manager about a 65 -year-old coworker. What phenomenon would the nurse identify when hearing the employee state, He should just retire and make way for some new blood.?
- A. Intolerance
- B. Ageism
- C. Dependence
- D. Nonspecific prejudice
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ageism refers to prejudice against the aged. Intolerance is implied by the employees statement, but the intolerance is aimed at the coworkers age. The employees statement does not raise concern about dependence. The prejudice exhibited in the statement is very specific.
An 83-year-old woman was diagnosed with Alzheimers disease 2 years ago and the disease has progressed at an increasing pace in recent months. The patient has lost 16 pounds over the past 3 months, leading to a nursing diagnosis of Imbalanced Nutrition: Less than Body Requirements. What intervention should the nurse include in this patients plan of care?
- A. Offer the patient rewards for finishing all the food on her tray.
- B. Offer the patient bland, low-salt foods to limit offensiveness.
- C. Offer the patient only one food item at a time to promote focused eating.
- D. Arrange for insertion of a gastrostomy tube and initiate enteral feeding.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: To avoid any playing with food, one dish should be offered at a time. Foods should be familiar and appealing, not bland. Tube feeding is not likely necessary at this time and a reward system is unlikely to be beneficial.
As the population of the United States ages, research has shown that this aging will occur across all racial and ethnic groups. A community health nurse is planning an initiative that will focus on the group in which the aging population is expected to rise the fastest. What group should the nurse identify?
- A. Asian-Americans
- B. White non-Hispanics
- C. Hispanics
- D. African-Americans
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Although the older population will increase in number for all racial and ethnic groups, the rate of growth is projected to be fastest in the Hispanic population that is expected to increase from 6 million in 2004 to an estimated 17.5 million by 2050.